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Anatomy > orbit > Flashcards

orbit Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function of the conjunctiva

A

Protects the eye.
Covers inside of eyelid and sclera
Creates the mucous that forms part of tears

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2
Q

what are the three layers of the eye

A
  1. fibrous
  2. vascular
  3. neural
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3
Q

what is in the fibrous layer of the eye

A

cornea and sclera

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4
Q

what is in the vascular layer of the eye

A

choroid
ciliary body
iris

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5
Q

what is the function of the ciliary body

A

accommodation - ciliary muscles

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6
Q

what is the function of the sclera

A

recieves extra-ocular muscles
has optic nerve

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7
Q

what is the function of the iris

A

constricts and dilates the muscle of the pupil

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8
Q

what happens to pupil in bright light

A

pupil contricts as circular muscles of iris contract

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9
Q

what happens to the pupil in dim light

A

pupil dilates as radial muscles of iris contract

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10
Q

what is in the neural layer of the eye

A

retina

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11
Q

what is the macula lutea/fovea

A

part of retina responsible for visual acuity
which contains very high concentration of cones. These are the light-sensitive cells in the retina that give detailed central vision

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12
Q

what bones are in the orbit

A

frontal, zygomatic, maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid, lacrimal

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13
Q

what is the function of the aqueous humor

A

keeps eye inflated and provides nourishment

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14
Q

what is the lateral wall of the orbit

A

infratemporal fossa

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15
Q

what is the floor of the orbit

A

maxillary sinus

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16
Q

what is the function of the orbital rim

A

to protect the contents of the orbit and provide attachment site for orbital septum

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17
Q

what are the extra-ocular muscles to the fibrous ring at back of orbit

A

superior rectus
medial rectus
lateral rectus
inferior rectus

18
Q

what is the function of the superior rectus

A

rotate eye superiorly

19
Q

what is the function of the medial rectus

A

adducts eye

20
Q

what muscle abducts the eye

A

lateral rectus

21
Q

what is the function of the inferior rectus

A

rotate eye inferiorly

22
Q

what are the extra-ocular muscles that ar not attached to the ring

A

supeior and inferior obliques

23
Q

what is the function of the superior oblique

A

causes eye to torque inward and inferiorly

24
Q

what is the function of the inferior oblique of eye

A

torques the eye downward and laterally

25
Q

what is the function of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle

A

elevates eyelid during eye opening

26
Q

what is the suspensory ligament of lockwood

A

The suspensory ligament is slung like a hammock below the eye-ball. It is formed by the union of margins of the sheaths of the inferior rectus and the inferior oblique muscles with the medial and lateral check ligaments

27
Q

what is the function of the optic nerve

A

Senses the incoming light and image displayed on the retina and transmits this image into the cerebral cortex

works with oculomotor nerve to change pupil size

28
Q

what does the oculomotor nerve innervate within eye

A

superior rectus muscle
medial rectus muscle
inferior rectus muscle
inferior oblique muscle
levator palpebrae superioris muscle
ciliary muscle
sphincter muscle.

29
Q

what sinus does the oculomotor nerve pass through

A

cavernous sinus

30
Q

what does the trochlear nerve innervate in the eye

A

superior oblique muscle

31
Q

what is the function of the trigeminal nerve in the eye

A

provides sensory innervation to the eye

32
Q

what does the abducens innervate in the eye

A

lateral rectus muscle

33
Q

what is the function of the facial nerve in the eye

A

for eye closure and blinking by the motor innervation of the orbicularis oculi muscle

34
Q

what is the first branch of the ophthalmic artery

A

central retinal artery

35
Q

what does the central retinal artery supply

A

nerve fibres in the optic nerve and inner layers of retina

36
Q

what is the largest branch of the ophthalmic artery

A

lacrimal artery

37
Q

what are the branches of the ophthalmic artery

A

central retinal artery, lacrimal artery, posterior ciliary arteries, inferior and superior muscular vessels, supraorbital artery, emthoid artery, medial palpebral vessels and terminal artery

38
Q

what does the lacrimal artery supply

A

eyelids, lacrimal gland, and conjunctiva.

39
Q

what supplies the posterior uveal tract

A

posterior ciliary arteries

40
Q

what supplies the extraocular muscles

A

inferior and superior muscular vessels

41
Q

what does the supraorbital artery supply

A

skin of forehead and levator palpebrae muscle

Anatomy (17 decks)

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