nasal cavity and sinuses Flashcards
what is the hole in skull for the nose called
piriform aperture
what is the columella
the bridge of tissue that separates the nostrils at the bottom of nose
what is the function of the concha
separates air passage into 3 regions - inferior, middle and superior meatus
what can happen if the cribiform plate is fractured
causes olfactory dysfunction and anosmia
name the paranasal sinuses
frontal (left and right) , ethmoid, maxillary and sphenoid sinuses
what is the function of the nasal cavity
resonates voice, lightens weight of head, humidifies and warms air, supports immune defense, drains and clears paranasal sinuses and lacrimal ducts
where does the frontal sinus drain to
semilunar hiatus (medial meatus)
what supplies the frontal sinus
anterior ethmoidal, supraorbital and supratrochlear branches of the ophthalmic artery (which is a branch of the internal carotid artery)
what supplies the sphenoid sinus
sphenopalatine artery
what is the frontal sinus innevated by
thesupraorbital and supratrochlear branches of the frontal nerve
what is the sphenoid sinus innervated by
ethmoidal nerve of ophthalmic branch, naso/sphenopalatine nerve and maxillary nerve branches
where does the sphenoid sinus drain to
sphenoethmoidal recess superior to conchae
what is the ethmoidal sinus innevated by
anterior and posterior ethmoid nerves
what supplies the anterior and middle ethmoidal sinus
anterior ethmoidal artery
where does the ethmoidal sinus drain to
superior meatus
what supplies the maxillary sinus
posterior superior alveolar, infraorbital and posterior lateral nasal arteries (branches of maxillary artery)
what is the maxillary sinus innervated by
maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve: middle, anterior, and posterior superior alveolar nerves, and infraorbital nerve.
where does the maxillary sinus drain to
medial meatus
where does the maxillary open
floor of the spheno-ethmoidal recess in middle meatus
what is the infundibulum in the nasal cavity
a space that facilitates the drainage of the maxillary, anterior ethmoid, and frontal sinuses.
where does the frontal sinus open
the middle meatus or the ethmoidal infundibulum through the fronto-nasal duct
where does the sphenoid sinus open
into nasal cavity above and behind the superior concha
where does the nasolacrimal duct open
beneath the inferior concha
where do the nerves and blood vessles for the nasal cavity pass through
spheno -palatine formamen
what is the function of the levator palati
moves soft palate up and back
where does the levator palati arise from
petrous temporal bone
where does the tensor palati arise from
above the root of the medial pterygoid plate
what is the function of the tensor palati
tighten the palate when the tongue presses up against it
name the three branches of the trigeminal nerve
the ophthalmic nerve, the maxillary nerve and the mandibular nerve
name the three branches of the ophthalmic nerve
nasociliary nerve, lacrimal nerve and frontal/supraorbital nerve
name issues associated with the olfactory system
Anosmia: complete loss of smell.
Dysosmi: unpleasant or strange odors that occur spontaneously.
Hyposmia: partial loss of smell.
Parosmia: distorted sense of smell.
what is the septum and lateral walls of nose innervated by
nasopalatine nerve (branch of maxillary nerve) and the nasociliary nerve (branch of the ophthalmic nerve)
what is the external skin on nose innervated by
trigeminal nerve
where does the olfactory nerve run
from olfactory bulb to nasal cavity
where are the olfactory receptors located
nasal epithelium
what is the vestibule
the area surrounding the anterior external opening to nasal cavity
what are the branches of the opthalmic artery
anterior and posterior ethmoidal artery
what supplies the posterior ethmoidal sinus
posterior ethmoidal artery
what does the anterior ethmoidal artery supply
the anterior and middle ethmoidal sinuses, frontal sinus, the lateral nasal wall and the nasal septum.
what does the posterior ethmoidal artrey supply
the posterior ethmoidal sinuses, dura and nasal cavity.
what does the sphenopalatine artery supply
superior, middle, and inferior turbinate; lateral nasal wall; and nasal septum
what veins drain the nose
facial vein (anterior nasal cavity), nasal vein and maxillary branches drain into cavernous sinus or the pterygoid plexus
what two bones form the septum
vomer and ethmoid
what forms the roof of the nasal cavity
cribiform plate
what is the lateral wall of the nasal cavity
the maxilla, the ethmoid bone and partly by the perpendicular part of the palatine bone
and further back by the medial pterygoid plate
what is the largest structure passing through the cavernous sinus
internal carotid artery
what bone forms the anterior part of the nasal septum
vomer
