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Anatomy > cranial nerves > Flashcards

cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

what is CN I

A

olfactory nerve

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2
Q

what is CN II

A

optic nerve

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3
Q

what type of nerve is the olfactory

A

sensory

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4
Q

what type of nerve is CN II

A

sensory

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5
Q

what type of nerve is CN III

A

motor

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6
Q

what nerve is CN III

A

oculomotor

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7
Q

what nerve is CN IV

A

trochlear

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8
Q

what type of nerve is IV

A

motor

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9
Q

what nerve is VI

A

abducens

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10
Q

what type of nerve is the abducens

A

motor

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11
Q

what nerve is CN V

A

trigeminal

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12
Q

what type of nerve is V

A

both

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13
Q

what nerve is CN VII

A

facial

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14
Q

what type of nerve is CN VII

A

both

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15
Q

what nerve is CN X

A

vagus

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16
Q

what type of nerve is CN X

A

both

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17
Q

what type of nerve is CN VIII

A

sensory

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18
Q

what nerve is CN VIII

A

vestibulocochlear

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19
Q

what nerve is IX

A

glossopharyngeal

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20
Q

what type of nerve is CN IX

A

both

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21
Q

what type of nerve is CN XI

A

motor

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22
Q

what nerve is CN XI

A

accessory

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23
Q

what type of nerve is CN XII

A

motor

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24
Q

what nerve is CN XII

A

hypoglossal

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25
Q

what is the function of the olfactory nerve

A

smell

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26
Q

what is a sign of damage to the olfactory nerve

A

anosmia - partial or full loss of smell

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27
Q

what does the olfactory nerve innervate

A

olfactory mucosa

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28
Q

what foramen does the olfactory nerve go through

A

cribriform foramen - ethmoid bone

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29
Q

what foramen does the optic nerve go through

A

optic canal - sphenoid bone

30
Q

what is the function of the optic nerve

A

sight
innervates retina

31
Q

what is the function of the oculomotor nerve

A

eyelid opening, eyeball innervation, pupil constriction
innervates most extrinsic muscles of eye

32
Q

what is a sign of damage to the oculomotor nerve

A

ptosis (eyelid droop) , diplopia (double vision)

33
Q

what foramen does the oculomotor nerve go through

A

superior orbital fissure - sphenoid bone

34
Q

what does the trochlear nerve go through

A

superior orbital fissure

35
Q

what is the function of the trochlear nerve

A

eye movement, innervates superior oblique

36
Q

what is a sign of damage to the trochlear nerve

A

diplopia (double vision) , eye drifing upwards

37
Q

what are the three branches of the trigeminal nerve

A

ophthalmic (sensory) , maxillary (sensory), mandibular (both)

38
Q

what muscles does the trigeminal nerve innervate

A

masseter, temporalis, pterygoid, mylohyoid, tensor veli palatini

39
Q

what foramen does the ophthalmic nerve go through

A

superior orbital fissure

40
Q

what foramen does the maxillary nerve go through

A

rotundum

41
Q

what foramen does the mandibular nerve go through

A

ovale

42
Q

what are the branches of the mandibular nerve

A

lingual nerve, inferior alveolar nerve, auriculotemporal nerve

43
Q

what does the inferior alveolar nerve go through

A

mental foramen

44
Q

what is the function of the trigeminal nerve

A
  • face, cheeks, lips, jaw, forehed, eyee, eyebrows, nose (forpain, touch etc) (Ophthalmic and maxillary)
  • jaw and TMJ
  • sensation of deep structures of face, upper mouth, palate, tongue
  • shape of mouth
  • motor: mastication, jaw closure
  • upward/anterior movement of larynx
  • backward movement of tongue
  • palatal elevation
45
Q

what are signs of damage to the trigeminal nerve

A

weak mastication, facial anesthesia, loss of sensation in tongue

46
Q

what is the function of the abducent nerve

A

innervation of lateral recutus muscle of eye (side to side)

47
Q

what foramem does the abducens nerve go through

A

superior orbital fissure

48
Q

what is a sign of damage to the abducent nerve

A

medial eye deviation

49
Q

what muscles does the facial nerve innervate

A

obicularis oculi
obicularis oris
zygomatic minor and major
levators
depressors
mentalis
buccinator
platysma
stylohyoid
posterior belly of digastric

50
Q

what is the function of the facial nerve

A

facial expression, taste, salivation (submandibular and sublingual), lacrimation, mandibular depression, hyoid elevation

51
Q

what is a sign of damage to the facial nerve

A

poor lip seal, dry mouth, loss of taste, reduced hyoid elevation

52
Q

what are the branches of the facial nerve

A

temoral, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical

53
Q

what foramen does the facial nerve go through

A

internal acoustic meatus (temporal bone)

54
Q

what foramen does the vestibulocochlear nerve go through

A

internal acoustic meatus (temporal bone)

55
Q

what is the function of the vestibulocochlear nerve

A

balance and hearing

56
Q

what muscles does the glossopharyngeal nerve innervate

A

parotid salivary gland
the oropharynx, carotid body and sinus, posterior 1/3 of the tongue, middle ear cavity and Eustachian tube.

57
Q

what is a sign of damage to the vestibulocochlear nerve

A

vertigo

58
Q

what is a sign of damage to the glossopharyngeal nerve

A

weak cough reflex, loss of taste and tongue sensation

59
Q

what is the function of the glossopharyngeal nerve

A

elevation of larynx and pharynx
salvation of parotid gland
taste and sensation of 1/3 posterior tongue

60
Q

what foramen does the glossopharyngeal nerve go through

A

jugular foramen

61
Q

what foramen does the vagus nerve go through

A

jugular foramen

62
Q

what muscles does the vagus nerve innervate

A

muscles of soft palate
pharyngeal constrictors
intrinsic muscles of larynx
msucles of esophagus

63
Q

what is a sign of damage to the vagus nerve

A

loss of gag reflex, loss of taste, dysphagia, impaired vocal cords

64
Q

what is the function of the vagus nerve

A

sensation of palate, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs, epiglottis, taste buds, vocal cords

movement of soft palate, elevation of posterior tongue, movemen of larynx/pharynx

65
Q

what muscles does the accessory nerve innervate

A

sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

66
Q

what is the function of the accessory nerve

A

raises soft palate, narrows and elevates lateral pharyngeal wall

67
Q

what formaen does the accessory nerve go through

A

jugular foramen

68
Q

what foramen does the hypoglossal nerve go through

A

hypoglossal canal (occipital bone)

69
Q

what muscles does the hypoglossal nerve innervate

A

all muscles of tongue and geniohyoid

70
Q

what is the function of the hypoglossal nerve

A

all tongue movement, depresses mandible and elevates hyoid bone

71
Q

what is a sign of damage to the hypoglossal nerve

A

weak tongue

72
Q

If the facial nerve (VII) is injured just proximal to the origin of the chorda tympani nerve, the patient would experience which symptoms

A

loss of taste sensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
decreased saliva from the submandibular salivary gland

Anatomy (17 decks)

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