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Anatomy > Anterior neck > Flashcards

Anterior neck Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function of the sternocleidomastoid

A

helps you bend your neck and turn and tilt your head.

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2
Q

what borders the submandibular triangle

A

anterior and posterior digastric and the mandible

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3
Q

what does the submandibular triangle house

A

the supramandibular salivary gland, submandibular lymph nodes, facial artery/vein, mylohyoid muscle and hypoglossal nerve

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4
Q

what borders the submental triangle

A

the mandible, anterior belly of digastric muscle, hyoid bone and mylohyoid muscle

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5
Q

what does the submental triangle house

A

submental lymph nodes and anterior jugular vein

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6
Q

what borders the carotid triangle

A

posterior belly of digastric muscle, superior belly of omohyoid muscle and the SCM

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7
Q

what does the carotid triangle house

A

interior jugular vein, carotid artery & vagus nerve, all within carotid sheath, deep cervical lymph nodes, hypoglossal nerve, ansa cervicalis

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8
Q

what borders the muscular triangle

A

omohyoid, sternohyoid and SCM

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9
Q

what does the muscular triangle house

A

thyroid and parathyroid gland

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10
Q

what does the sternocleidomastoid connect to

A

manubrium of sternum to occiput
and clavicle to mastoid process

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11
Q

what is the platysma

A

superficial muscle arising from the fascia covering the upper parts of pectoralis major and deltoid

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12
Q

what is the function of the platysma

A

facilitates facial expression - pulldown of mandible and opening of lower lip

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13
Q

what is the trapezius

A

superficial muscle extending from the cervical to thoracic region of posterior neck

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14
Q

what is the function of the rectus capitus anterior

A

pull occipital down for neck flexion

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15
Q

what is the rectus capitis anterior attached to

A

Arises from anterior surface of the lateral mass of atlas (C1) and the roots of its transverse process.
Ascends to the inferior surface of the basilar parts of the occipital bone

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16
Q

what innervates the rectus capitis anterior

A

C1/C2 ventral rami

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17
Q

what is the ventral rami

A

carries sensory and motor fibers for the innervation of the muscles, joints, and skin of the lateral and ventral body walls and the extremities

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18
Q

what is the function rectus capitis lateralis

A

contraction allows lateral flexion to same side

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19
Q

what innevates the rectus capitis lateralis

A

C1/C2 ventral rami

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20
Q

what is the rectus capitis lateralis attached to

A

Arises from upper surface of transverse process of atlas inferior surface of jugular process of occipital bone.

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21
Q

what is the function of the longus colli

A

flexes neck foward and laterally and the obliques allow rotation to opposite side

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22
Q

what are the three sections of the longus capitis

A

superior and inferior obliques and vertical intermediate

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23
Q

what innervates the longus colli

A

C2-C6 ventral rami

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24
Q

what is the longus colli attached to

A

anterior surface of vertebral column between C1 and T3

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25
Q

what are the four vertebral muscles of the anterior neck

A

rectus capitis anetrior, rectus capitis lateralis, longus colli and longus capitis

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26
Q

what innervates the longus capitis

A

C1-C3 ventral rami

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27
Q

what is the function of the longus capitis

A

flexes the head

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28
Q

what is the longus capitis attched to

A

arises from anterior tubercles of transverse processes of C3/4/5/6 and ascends into the inferior basilar part of occipital bone

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29
Q

what innervates the anterior scalene

A

C4/5/6 central rami

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30
Q

what is the anterior scalene attached to

A

runs from transverse process of C3-C6 to rib 1

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31
Q

what is the median sclene attached to

A

runs from transverse process of axis and into transverse processes of C3-C7 to rib 1

32
Q

what innervates the median scalene

A

C3-C8 central rami

33
Q

what is the posterior scalene attached to

A

runs from transverse processes of C4-C6 to rib 2

34
Q

what is the function of the scalenes

A

ipsilateral (same side) neck flexion and lifting of rib 1/2

35
Q

what innervates the posterior scalene

A

C6/C7/C8 central rami

36
Q

what is the mylohyoid attached to

A

mandible and hyoid bone

37
Q

what innervates the mylohyoid

A

mylohyoid nerve

38
Q

what is the function of the mylohyoid

A

hyoid, tongue, oral cavity floor elevation and depresses mandible for swallowing

39
Q

what is the geniohyoid attached to

A

mandible and hyoid

40
Q

what innervates the geniohyoid

A

hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

41
Q

what is the function of the geniohyoid

A

hyoid and tongue elevation for swallowing

42
Q

what is the stylohyoid attached to

A

styloid process and hyoid bone

43
Q

what innervates the stylohyoid

A

facial nerve (CN VII)

44
Q

what is the function of the stylohyoid

A

hyoid elevation for swallowing

45
Q

what is the anterior belly of digastric attached to

A

digastric fossa in mandible to intermediate tendon in hyoid bone

46
Q

what is the posterior belly of the digastric attached to

A

mastoid notch in temporal bone to intermediate tendon in hyoid bone

47
Q

what innervates the anterior belly of digastric

A

trigeminal nerve (CN V) ( mandibular division)

48
Q

what innervates the posterior belly of digastric

A

facial nerve (CN VII)

49
Q

what is the function of the digastric

50
Q

what is the sternohyoid attached to

A

manubrium to hyoid bone

51
Q

what innervates the sternohyoid

A

ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)

52
Q

what is the function of the sternohyoid

A

hyoid depression

53
Q

what is the superior belly of the omohyoid attached to

A

intermediate tendon in clavicle to hyoid bone

54
Q

what innervates the omohyoid

A

ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)

55
Q

what is the function of the omohyoid

A

hyoid and larynx depression and hyoid retraction

56
Q

what is the inferior belly of the omohyoid attached to

A

scapula and intermediate tendon of the clavicle

57
Q

what is the sternothyroid attached to

A

manubrium to thyroid cartilage

58
Q

what innervates the sternothyroid

A

ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)

59
Q

what is the function of the sternothyroid

A

thyroid cartilage depression

60
Q

what is the thyrohyoid attached to

A

thyroid cartilage to hyoid bone

61
Q

what innervates the thyrohyoid

A

hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

62
Q

what is the function of the thyrohyoid

A

thyroid elevation and hyoid depression

63
Q

what is the superficial cervical fascia

A

zone of loose connective tissue between dermis and deep fascia. Contains adipose tissue and superficial musculoaponeurotic system

64
Q

what is in the central compartment/ visceral space

A

contains pharynx, cervical oesophagus, larynx, trachea, thyroid and parathyroid glands, recurrent laryngeal nerves

65
Q

what is the Carotid space/sheath

A

a condensation of deep cervical fascia around the common and internal carotid arteries, internal jugular vein, the vagus nerve and the ansa cervicalis

66
Q

what is the prevertebral space

A

potential space between vertebral column and prevertebral fascia. Extends from skull to coccyx and encloses the prevertebral muscles

67
Q

what supplies the rectus capitus anterior

A

Vertebral and ascending pharyngeal arteries.

68
Q

what supplies the rectus capitus lateralis

A

the ascending pharyngeal, vertebral and occipital arteries.

69
Q

what supplies the longus capitus

A

Ascending pharyngeal artery, ascending cervical branch of the inferior thyroid artery and vertebral artery.

70
Q

what supplies the longus colli

A

Branches of the vertebral, inferior thyroid, and ascending pharyngeal arteries.

71
Q

what supplies the scalenes

A

the ascending cervical branch of the inferior thyroid artery

72
Q

what is the trapezius innervated by

A

accessory nerve (CN XI)

73
Q

what supplies the trapezius

A

branches of the occipital, superficial cervical, transverse cervical and dorsal scapular arteries.

74
Q

what is the platysma innervated by

A

the cervical branch of facial nerve (CN VII),

75
Q

what supplies the platysma

A

The submental branch of the facial artery, and suprascapular branch of the thyrocervical trunk.

76
Q

which triangle does the common carotid artery divide

Anatomy (16 decks)

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