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Anatomy > face and scalp > Flashcards

face and scalp Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 5 layers of the scalp

A

skin, dense connective tissue, epicranial aponeurosis, loose alveloar connective tissue and the periosteum

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2
Q

what are the 5 arteries that supply the scalp

A

superior temoral artery (front)
supraorbital artery (front)
supratrochlear artery (front)
occiptal artery (Back)
posterior auricle artery (back)

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3
Q

what nerves innervate the front half of scalp

A

trigeminal nerve:
supraorbital nerve
supratrochlear nerve
zygomaticotemporal nerve
auriculotemporal nerve

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4
Q

what nerves innervates the back half of the scalp

A

great auricular nerve
lesser occipital nerve
greater occipital nerve
third occipital nerve

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5
Q

what is trigeminal neuralgia

A

stabbing pain in scalp, caused by swollen blood vessel, tumor, damaged myelin

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6
Q

what nerve innervates the facial muscles

A

facial nerve

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7
Q

what muscles are in the epicranius

A

occipitofrontalis
epicranial aponeurosis
temporoparietalis

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8
Q

what is the function of the occipitofrontalis

A

raises eyebrows and skin over root of nose
frontal: draws scalp fowards - causing wrinkles
occipotal: draws scalp backwards

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9
Q

what supplies the frontal part of the occipitofrontalis

A

the ophthalmic and superficial temporal arteries

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10
Q

what supplies the occipital part of the occipitofrontalis

A

posterior auricular and occipital arteries.

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11
Q

what is the muscle around the eye

A

orbicularis oculi

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12
Q

what are the two parts of the obicularis oculi

A

orbital and palpebral parts

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13
Q

what is the function of the orbicularis oculi

A

closing eyes, tear flow/crying
Contraction of the orbital part pulls the skin of the forehead and cheek towards the nose

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14
Q

what supplies the orbicularis oculi

A

branches of the maxillary, superficial temporal and facial arteries.

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15
Q

what innervates the orbicularis oculi

A

the zygomatic and temporal branches of facial nerve

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16
Q

what supplies the corrugator supercilia

A

the ophthalmic branch of the internal carotid artery, and the superficial temporal branch of the external carotid artery.

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17
Q

what innervates the corrugator supercilia

A

temporal branches of the facial nerve

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18
Q

what is the function of the corrugator supercilia

A

pull the eyebrows medially and produces vertical wrinkles

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19
Q

what is the function of the nasalis

A

dilates the nostrils, depresses the ala nasi (nostril wings) laterally and wrinkles the nasal skin - flaring of nostrils

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20
Q

what innervates the nasalis

A

buccal branch of facial nerve

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21
Q

what supplies nasalis muscle

A

superior labial, septal and lateral nasal branches of the facial artery and the infraorbital branch of the maxillary artery.

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22
Q

what innervates the procerus

A

temporal, lower zygomatic or buccal branches of facial nerve

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23
Q

what supplies the procerus

A

the angular and lateral nasal branches of the facial artery.

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24
Q

what is the function of the procerus

A

depresses the medial parts of the eyebrows and wrinkles the skin between them

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25
Q

what is the function of the orbicularis oris

A

closes mouth and lip pouting, puckering, twisting

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26
Q

what innervates the orbicularis oris

A

buccal and marginal mandibular branches of the facial nerve

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27
Q

what supplies the orbicularis oris

A

superior and inferior labial branches of facial artery

28
Q

what is the function of the buccinator

A

Compresses the cheek against the teeth and gums during mastication and assists tongue in directing food between teeth.
Important in expelling air between lips
Keeps the bolus of food central in the oral cavity

29
Q

what innervates the buccinator

A

buccal branches of the facial nerve

30
Q

what supplies the buccinator

A

buccal branch of the maxillary artery, with contributions from branches of the facial artery.

31
Q

what supplies the Levator labii superioris muscle

A

angular branch of the facial artery and infraorbital branch of the maxillary artery.

32
Q

what innervates the Levator labii superioris muscle

A

zygomatic and buccal branches of facial nerve

33
Q

what is the function of the Levator labii superioris muscle?

A

elevate upper lip - smiling

34
Q

what supplies the depressor labii inferious

A

the inferior labial branch of facial artery and mental branch of inferior alveolar artery.

35
Q

what innervates the depressor labii inferious

A

mandibular branch of facial nerve

36
Q

what is the function of the depressor labii inferious

A

draws lip down and laterally – mastication and sorrow

37
Q

what is the function of the Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle

A

elevate upper lip and to elevate, deepen and increase the curvature of the nasolabial furrow.

38
Q

what supplies the Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle

A

the facial artery and the infraorbital branch of the maxillary artery.

39
Q

what innervates the Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle

A

zygomatic and buccal
branches of facial nerve

40
Q

what is the name of the muscle at the side of nose

A

Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle

41
Q

what is the function of the mentalis

A

depresses lower lip - drinking

42
Q

what supplies the mentalis

A

inferior labial branch of facial artery and mental branch of the maxillary artery (via inferior alveolar artery).

43
Q

what innervates the mentalis

A

mandibular branch of the facial nerve

44
Q

what is the function of the risorius

A

pulling the angles of the mouth laterally and superiorly to produce a smile.

45
Q

what supplies the risorius

A

the superior labial branch of the facial artery.

46
Q

what innervates the risorius

A

buccal branch of facial nerve

47
Q

what is the function of the Levator anguli oris muscle

A

elevate the angles of the lips, thereby contributing to producing a smile

48
Q

what supplies the Levator anguli oris muscle

A

the superior labial branch of facial artery and infraorbital branch of maxillary artery.

49
Q

what innervates the Levator anguli oris muscle

A

zygomatic and buccal branches of facial nerve

50
Q

what is the function of the Depressor anguli oris

A

to depress the angle of the mouth, which contributes to expressing feelings of sadness or anger

51
Q

what supplies the Depressor anguli oris

A

inferior labial branch of the facial artery and the mental branch of the maxillary artery.

52
Q

what innervates the Depressor anguli oris

A

marginal mandibular and buccal branches of facial nerve

53
Q

what innervates the zygomatic major/minor

A

zygomatic and buccal branches of the facial nerve

54
Q

what supplies the zygomatic major/minor

A

superior labial branch of the facial artery.

55
Q

what is the function of the zygomatic major/ minor

A

elevates angle of mouth

56
Q

what are the branches of the facial nerve

A

temporal
zygomatic
buccal
marginal mandibular
cervical

57
Q

from what pharyngeal arch are the muscles of facial expression derived from

58
Q

which muscles in the face are sphincters

A

orbicularis oris
incisivus labii superioris and inferioris

59
Q

what layer of the scalp contains the ramifying arteries, veins and nerves

A

fibro-fatty connective tissue layer

60
Q

which veins connect the veins of the scalp to the dural venous sinus

A

emissary veins

61
Q

what is the function of the ganglion in the facial nerve

A

it contains cells whose fibres bring taste information from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

62
Q

what nerve innervates the skin over the angle of the mandible

A

great auricular nerve

63
Q

the auriculotemporal nerve of the scalp is a branch of what

A

cervical plexus

64
Q

where are the superficial veins of the scalp found

A

the subcutaneous connective tissue layer

65
Q

the veins and arteries of the scalp are mainly in what layer

A

subcutaneous connective tissue layer

66
Q

what is the order in which the three bracnhes of the facial nerve come off within the petrous portion of the temporal bone

A

greater petrosal, nerve to the stapedius muscle, chorda tympani

Anatomy (16 decks)

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