oral hypoglycaemics

Question 1

Gliclazide, Glipizide

Answer 1

oral hypoglycaemic
sulphonylurea,
- Diabetes mellitus (type 1)

stimulates the release of insulin from the pancrease, increase number of insulin receptors, inhibits glyconeogenesis/glycogenolysis

• hypoglycaemia, weight gain

Question 2

Metformin

Answer 2

oral hypoglycaemic, biguanide
- Diabetes mellitus (type 1 & 2)

decreases glucose production in liver, slows glucose absorption from GI tract
- acidosis/lactoacidosis

Question 3

Sitagliptin

Answer 3

oral hypoglycaemic,
- Diabetes mellitus (type 2)

inhibits DPP-4 to prevent breakdown of incretins and GI hormones release in response to a meal, increasing the secretion of insulin.
- GI upset, infection , nausea