anti (infections)

Question 1

metronidazole

Answer 1

antiprotozoal (chemotherapeutic)
- protozoal infection (giardiasis)

enters the protozoal cell and interferes with DNA replication
- abdo cramping, metallic taste, fatique

Question 2

nystatin , amphotericin

Answer 2

antifungal (chemotherapeutic)
- yeast infections (e.g candida)

binds in fungal cell membrane to ergosterol and disturbs transport of ions and macromolecules leading to irreversible damage.
- irritation , burning at admin site.

Question 3

terbinafine

Answer 3

antifungal (chemotherapeutic)
-fungal infections of skin + nails.

selectively inhibits enzymes involved with synthesis of ergosterol , causing accumulation of enzyme in cell which is toxic
- vomiting, diarrhoea, rash

Question 4

Miconazole, Clotrimazole

Answer 4

antifungal (chemotherapeutic)
candida infections , skin +nail infections

blocks synthesis of fungal lipids, especially ergosterol in the cell membrane
- stinging or burning at admin site , itching , redness.

Question 5

AZT (Zidovudine)

Answer 5

antiretroviral , NRTI (chemotherapeutic)
- HIV

Inhibits enzyme reverse transcriptase (only present in HIV virus) to inhibit DNA replication , a prodrug
- liver toxicity , anaemia

Question 6

Efavirenz

Answer 6

antiretroviral , NNRTI (chemotherapeutic)
- HIV

Question 7

Idinavir

Answer 7

antiretroviral (chemotherapeutic)
- HIV

binds to HIV-1 protease and inhibits function. stop formation of functional proteins needed.
- liver toxicity , anaemia

Question 8

Aciclovir

Answer 8

Antiviral (chemotherapeutic), non-retroviral
- viral infections (herpes, simplex virus etc)

inhibits DNA polymerase stopping further viral replication (prodrug)
- gi upset, headache, muscle ache.