cardiac stimulants

Question 1

Adrenaline

Answer 1

Cardiac stimulant, adrenergic agonist, sympathomimetic, neurotransmitter
- circulatory shock , hypotension , cardiac arrest

Activate adrenergic receptors to produce SNS response.
Acts on β1-receptors in heart muscle to increase rate and force of contraction
- tremors, agitation , hypertension, nausea

Question 2

dopamine , dobutamine

Answer 2

Cardiac stimulant, neurotransmitter, adrenergic agonist, sympathomimetic
-Circulatory shock

Acts on β1-receptors in heart muscle to increase rate and force of contraction.
And (dopamine only) acts on α-receptors in systemic blood vessels to cause vasodilation
- tachy, vomiting , nausea

Question 3

Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), Isosorbide mononitrate

Answer 3

Cardiac stimulant, peripheral vasodilator, nitrate
- angina, congestive heart failure.

Converted in to nitric oxide in the vascular muscle, which increases intracellular levels of cGMP, which alters the availability of calcium ions within the muscle cells. This venodilation reduces preload
- flushing, hypotension , dizzy

Question 4

Hydralazine, Nitroprussides

Answer 4

Cardiac stimulant, peripheral vasodilator
- angina, congestive heart failure, hypertension peripheral vascular disease.

causes ateriodilation by relaxing vascular smooth muscles, - reduced afterload
- flushing , hypotension , joint ache, oedema

Question 5

digoxin

Answer 5

Cardiac stimulant, cardiac glycoside
- congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation

at potassium binding site of the Na+/K+ ATPase pump & inhibits it, causing increase in Na+ and Ca++ in cell. Also impacts CNS and slows conduction of AV node.
- toxicity , anorexia, disorientation

Question 6

Digibind, DigiFab

Answer 6

antidote
- digoxin overdose

binds to digoxin molecules, preventing them from interacting with action site