Opioids

Question 1

opioid uses

Answer 1

moderate to severe pain
sedation
cough suppression

Question 2

opioids to know

Answer 2

moderate-strong:
codeine
hydrocodone w/acetaminophen
oxycodone w/acetaminophen

strong:
meperidine
morphine
hydromorphone
fentanyl

Question 3

moderate to strong opioids

Answer 3

codeine
hydrocodone w/acetaminophen
oxycodone w/acetaminophen

Question 4

strong opioids

Answer 4

meperidine
morphine
hydromorphone
fentanyl

Question 5

opioid mechanism of action

Answer 5

mu (brain) and kappa (GI) receptor agonists which stimulates analgeisa, sedation, respiratory depression, and decreased GI motility

Question 6

issues associated w/opioids and prevention

Answer 6

respiratory depression - monitor RR
constipation - increase fiber, exercise, prophylactic stool softener
cough supression - incentive spirometry
itching - diphenhydramine (also causes constipation)
N/V - ondansetron
urinary retention - pee q4h

Question 7

administration of opioids

Answer 7

RN double check rx
hold and contact provider if RR <12
RN “witness waste”
admin IV slowly

Question 8

patient controlled analgesia

Answer 8

double check settings during handoff
ONLY pt can push button
teach clients to stay ahead of pain
guardrails prevent OD

Question 9

fentanyl patch

Answer 9

clean, dry, hair-free skin
max effect in 1 day
change q72h
fold and flush to dispose