Oncology

Question 1

Name the 5 most common paediatric malignancies

Answer 1

• Leukaemia/lymphoma
• Brain tumours
• Neuroblastoma
• Wilm’s tumour
• Bone tumour

Question 2

Give 3 ways in which a bone tumour may present

Answer 2

Raised ICP
Focal seizures
Endocrine disturbance

Question 3

What are the 2 most common types of bone tumour?

Answer 3

Osteosarcoma and Ewing’s sarcoma

Question 4

What is the treatment generally for osteosarcoma?

Answer 4

Chemotherapy and surgery

Question 5

What is the treatment generally for Ewing’s sarcoma?

Answer 5

Chemotherapy, surgery, autologous stem cell transplant, radiotherapy

Question 6

What is a Wilm’s tumour?

Answer 6

Nephroblastoma, tumour of kidneys

Question 7

What is tumour lysis syndrome?

Answer 7

Metabolic abnormality due to the breakdown of a large number of malignant cells at the same time

Question 8

Give 3 management options for tumour lysis syndrome

Answer 8

Frequent U&Es
IV fluids
Renal dialysis

Question 9

Give 3 early effects of chemotherapy

Answer 9

Marrow suppression
Hair loss
Hearing loss

Question 10

Give 3 late effects of chemotherapy

Answer 10

• Cardiac toxicity
• Infertility
• Risk of secondary malignant