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Paediatrics > Infections > Flashcards

Infections Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main types of active vaccine?

A

Live attenuated

Inactivated

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2
Q

Give 2 examples of a live attenuated vaccine

A

BCG

Measles

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3
Q

Give 2 examples of an inactive vaccine

A

HPV

MenB

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4
Q

Which vaccine should HIV patients not receive?

A

BCG vaccine

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5
Q

Give 3 general symptoms of measles

A

Fever
Coryza
Koplik’s spots

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6
Q

Describe the rash pattern of measles

A

Maculopapular rash behind ears, migrating to face and trunk then limbs

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7
Q

Describe the rash pattern of chicken pox

A

Itchy crops of macules which evolve into papules, then vesicles containing serous fluid

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8
Q

What can be given to treat chicken pox in high risk patients?

A

Aciclovir

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9
Q

Give 3 symptoms of mumps

A

Anorexia
Headache
Submandibular/salivery gland swelling

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10
Q

Describe the rash pattern of slapped cheek

A

Maculopapular spots on cheeks join up then fine rash over trunk and limbs which fades centrally

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11
Q

Describe the rash pattern of rubella

A

Fine maculopapular rash on face then fading down and moving to trunk

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12
Q

What is the link between rubella infection and pregnancy?

A

Can cause foetal damage if exposed within the 1st 10 weeks of pregnancy

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13
Q

What is a complication for young children with roseola infantum? (viral rash)

A

Febrile convulsions

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14
Q

What are the three stages of pertussis infection?

A

Catarrhal phase
Paroxysmal phase
Convalescent phase

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15
Q

What is the empirical ABX therapy for meningococcal meningitis in children?

A

IV Cefotaxime

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16
Q

Give 4 features of septic shock

A

Tachycardia
Hypotension
Cool extremities
Prolonged Cap refill

17
Q

Give 3 signs and symptoms of meningitis in infants

A

High-pitched cry
Fever
Bulging Fontanelle (raised ICP)

18
Q

What ABX should be added in meningitis for those under 6 weeks old?

A

Amoxicillin and Gentamicin

19
Q

At what age should Dexamethasone also be given in meningitis treatment?

A

Over 3 months (no petechiae/purpura)

20
Q

What is the rate of fluid resuscitation for children?

A

20ml/Kg bolus

If over 2 boluses needed, discuss with PICU

21
Q

Which virus causes slapped cheek syndrome?

A

Parvovirus B19

Paediatrics (18 decks)

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