Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Briefly outline the pathophysiology of eczema

A

Filaggrin mutation which forms part of stratum corneum

Trans-epidermal water loss = dry skin prone to penetration

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2
Q

Give 3 general aims of eczema treatment

A

Improve barrier

Avoid irritants

Reduce itch

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3
Q

What is Irritant contact napkin dermatitis?

A

Moisture and friction disrupt skin barrier allowing irritation from faeces and urine

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4
Q

How does Irritant contact napkin dermatitis present?

A

Glazed erythema that spares skin folds and can wrinkle and scale while it resolves

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5
Q

Give 3 management methods for Irritant contact napkin dermatitis

A

Frequent nappy changes

Avoid soap and wipes

Greasy emollient

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6
Q

What is vulvitis?

A

Itch, erythema and discharge in pre-pubertal girls

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7
Q

How does discoid eczema present?

A

Demarcated plaques often crusted and weeping due to bacterial infection

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8
Q

Give 2 management options for discoid eczema

A

Emollient

Potent steroid

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9
Q

What is lip lick dermatitis?

A

Peri-oral eczema caused by drying of lips

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10
Q

What is pityriasis alba?

A

Hypopigmentation with dry skin on cheeks mainly seen in coloured skin

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11
Q

What is Juvenile Plantar Dermatosis?

A
  • Plantar surface of anterior 1/3 of foot erythematous, hyperkeratotic and fissuring mainly due to sweating
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12
Q

Give 3 management options for Juvenile Plantar Dermatosis

A

Avoid tight shoes

Aluminium hydrochloride powder

Urea emollients

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13
Q

What are the main principles of HSV infection in children?

A

Periorbital involvement treated with acyclovir and eyes checked for corneal involvement

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14
Q

What is impetigo and how does it present?

A

Staph. aureus infection with honey coloured crusts which may become bullous

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15
Q

How is impetigo treated?

A

Topical/oral flucloxacillin

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16
Q

What are Molluscum Contagiosum?

A

Small pearly papules affecting 4-9 y/o caused by DNA Pox virus

17
Q

Give 4 places in which scabies may burrow in children

A

Soles of feet
Axilla
Groin
Penis

18
Q

What is Tinea Capatis?

A

Fungal infection causing - diffuse scale to patchy alopecia with black dots or pustules associated with lymphadenopathy

19
Q

What is the name of yellowish white pinpoint lesions around nose of newborns?

A

Sebaceous Hyperplasia

20
Q

What are Milia?

A

Discrete whiteish yellow papules on chin, cheeks and forehead

21
Q

What are the two types of militia?

A

Miliaria Crystalina: superficial duct obstruction

Miliaria Rubra: erythematous papules

22
Q

What is Mongolian Spot?

A

Lower back/sacrum of neonates due to deep dermal melanocytes

23
Q

What is epidermal navei?

A

Linear plaques on warty pigmented skin along Blaschkos lines

24
Q

When do infantile haemoangioma’s develop?

A

First 6 weeks of life

25
What is Port Wine stain? (capillary malformations)
Present at birth and bright red but fade over time
26
What can Port wine stains be part of the triad of?
Sturge Webber syndrome
27
Define urticaria
Itchy hives and plaques and surrounding erythema
28
How long does acute urticaria last?
Less than 6-8 weeks
29
Give 4 general triggers of acute urticaria
Infection Infestation Injection Inhalation
30
What is the treatment of chronic urticaria?
Chlorpheniramine <6 months + long-acting antihistamine if > 6 months