Oncology Flashcards
(41 cards)
How can cancer be classified?
By tissue or blood cells where it starts
The type
What are the 2 types of cancer?
Solid tumors
Hematologic malignancies
Where do solid tumors arise from?
Specific tissue
What are types of solid tumors?
Sarcomas
Carcinomas
Where do sarcomas (solid tumor) begin in?
CT (tissues that the body uses to connect/support other tissues)
Where do carcinomas (solid tumor) originate from?
Epithelial tissues (tissue that lines organs)
Where do hematologic malignancies originate from?
Blood or lymphatic cells
How can metastasis occur?
- Direct invasion
- Through blood or lymph system
What is the #1 cause of preventable cancer?
Tobacco
*tobacco + alcohol= co-cargcinogenic
What are some suspected dietary causes of cancer?
- Low fiber
- Increased red meat
- Increased animal fat
- Nitrites
- Alcohol
- Preservatives and additives
T/F: obesity, physical inactivity, and poor nutrition can lead to cancer
T
Increased incidence of cancer in the ____
Immunosuppressed
The most important risk factor of cancer is ____
Aging
What race has higher risk for cancer?
AA then whites
Ex of a gene that puts you at risk?
BRCA1
Exposure to what is a risk factor?
UV radiation
Carcinogens (asbestos, soot, diesal exhaust)
T/F: Stress has no correlation to increased cancer risk
F
Chronic ___ can cause uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells
Irritation
Primary prevention
These are ways to help ___ the actual occurrence of cancer
Prevent
Primary prevention
No ____
Smoking
Primary prevention
Diet/exercise?
Exercise
Good nutrition; limit/eliminate alcohol
Normal body weight
Primary prevention
Get the vaccines for preventable viral exposures. Ex?
Hep B
HPV
Primary prevention
Avoid exposures to known carcinogens. Ex?
- Wear sunscreen
- Avoid second hand smoke
Secondary prevention
This is when we use ____ to pick up on cancer early when there is greater chance for cure/control
Screenings
