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Study > Cardiac > Flashcards

Cardiac Flashcards

1
Q

Pulmonary artery carries what blood?

A

Deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it becomes oxygenated

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2
Q

The pulmonary veins carry what blood?

A

Oxygenated blood that goes to L. Atrium

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3
Q

What is preload?

A

The amount of blood returning to the R. side of the heart and the muscle stretch that the volume causes

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4
Q

What happens when we have the stretch with preload?

A

ANP is released (excrete Na and H20)

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5
Q

What is after load?

A

The pressure in the aorta and peripheral arteries that the L. ventricle pumps against to get blood out

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6
Q

What is the pressure from after load referred to as?

A

Resistance

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7
Q

Afterload

With HTN there is more or less resistance?

A

More!

Thats why HTN can lead to HF and pulmonary edema, bc high after load decreases CO and forward flow, as well as wears your heart out

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8
Q

What is stroke volume?

A

The amount of blood pumped out of the ventricles with each beat

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9
Q

CO = ___ X ____

A

HR x SV

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10
Q

Cardiac output

What is dependent on an adequate CO?

A

Tissue perfusion

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11
Q

Cardiac output

CO chances according to the ___

A

Body needs

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12
Q

Factors that affect CO (3)?

A

HR and certain arrhythmias
BV
Decrease in contractility

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13
Q

Factors that affect CO

What about BV?

A

Less volume = less CO

More volume = more CO

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14
Q

Factors that affect CO

What about decrease in contractility?

A

MI, meds, cardiac muscle disease can cause

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15
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

ACE inhibitors (-prils)

A

Afterload

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16
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

Milrone

A

Improve contractility

*this is an inotrope

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17
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

BB (-lol)

A

Rate control

18
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

Amlodipine

A

Rate control

*this is CCB

19
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

Nitrates

A

Afterload (and preload too)

20
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

Digoxin

A

Rate control

21
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

CCB

A

Rate control

22
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

Nitrates (nitroglycerine)

A

Preload (and after load too)

23
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

Inotropes

A

Improve contractility

24
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

Hydralazine

25
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

Dopamine

A

this is an inotrope –improve contractility

26
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

Diuretics

27
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

Diltiazem

A

Rate control

*this is CCB

28
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

Dobutamine

A

Improve contractility

*this is an inotrope

29
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

ARBS (-sartans)

30
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

Verapamil

A

Rate control

*this is CCB

31
Q

Preload, after load, contractility, rate, rhythm

Antiarrhythmics (amiodarone)

A

Rhythm control

32
Q

Patho of decreased CO

If your CO is decreased, will you perfuse properly?

33
Q

Patho of decreased CO

Brain: LOC will go __

34
Q

Patho of decreased CO

Heart

A

Client reports chest pain

35
Q

Patho of decreased CO

Lungs

A

Lungs sound wet and SOB

36
Q

Patho of decreased CO

Skin

A

Cold and clammy

37
Q

Patho of decreased CO

Kidneys

A

UO goes down

38
Q

Patho of decreased CO

Peripheral pulses

39
Q

Patho of decreased CO

T/F: Arrhythmias are no big deal until they affect your CO

40
Q

Patho of decreased CO

3 arrhythmias that are always a big deal?

A
  • Vfib
  • Vtach
  • Asystole

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