Diabetes Flashcards
Type 1 or Type 2
Classic 3Ps: Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
1
Type 1 or Type 2
Caused by autoimmune response or idiopathic
1
Type 1 or Type 2
Need insulin for tx
1
Type 1 or Type 2
Don’t have enough insulin or insulin is no good
2
Type 1 or Type 2
First sign may be DKA
1
Type 1 or Type 2
Metabolic acidosis
1
Insulin needed to carry glucose out of blood and into cell. No insulin = glucose builds up. Blood starts to pull fluid in vas. space. Kidneys filter excess glucose and fluids out (polyuria and polydipsia). Cells are starving so they begin to break down protein and fat for energy (polyphagia). …Breaking down fat = ketones (acids)….. All this turns into metabolic acidosis
Type 1 or Type 2
Not as abrupt
2
Type 1 or Type 2
Cant have oral hypoglycemic agents-dont work on this client
1
Type 1 or Type 2
Kussmaul respirations
1
Type 1 or Type 2
Usually found by accident or client keeps coming back to doc for things like wounds that don’t heal, infections, etc
2
Type 1 or Type 2
Should be evaluated for metabolic syndrome (syndrome x)
2
Type 1 or Type 2
Tx = start with diet and exercise, then add oral agents
2
Type 1 or Type 2
MAY need insulin
2
Type 1 or Type 2
Little or no insulin
1
Type 1 or Type 2
Overweight
2
Type 1 or Type 2
Usually diagnosed in childhood
1
Type 1 or Type 2
Cant make enough insulin to keep up with glucose load client is taking in
2
Type 1 or Type 2
Appears abruptly, despite years of beta cell destruction
1
Type 2–Features of metabolic syndrome
What all is included?
Waist circumference Triglycerides HDL BP FBS
*must have 3 or more of these to have metabolic syndrome
Type 2–Features of metabolic syndrome
Waist circumference
More than 40 in for males
More than 35 in for female
Type 2–Features of metabolic syndrome
Triglycerides
Over 150 mg/dL
Type 2–Features of metabolic syndrome
HDL
Over 40 for M
Over 50 for F
Type 2–Features of metabolic syndrome
BP
Over 130/85
Type 2–Features of metabolic syndrome
FBS
Over 100 mg/dL
Gestational diabetes
Resembles 1 or 2?
2
Gestational diabetes
More needs ___ more insulin than normal
2-3x
Gestational diabetes
If mom has risk factors for gest. diabetes, screen at ___ prenatal visit
first
Gestational diabetes
Screen ALL moms when?
24-28 weeks gestation
Gestational diabetes
Complications to baby?
Increased birth weight
Hypoglycemic after delivery
