Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Question 1

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent obsessions and/or compulsions that are ______________ or cause clinically significant ________________ or impaired functioning.

Answer 1

• Time-consuming
• Distress

Question 2

_________________ are persistent thoughts, impulses, or images that the person experiences as intrusive and unwanted and that he/she attempts to ignore or suppress.

Answer 2

Obsessions.

Question 3

__________________ are repetitious and deliberate behaviors or mental acts that the person feels driven to perform either in response to an obsession or according to rigid rules. The goal of the behaviors or mental acts is to reduce distress or prevent a dreaded situation from happening, but they are either excessive or not logically connected to this goal.

Answer 3

Compulsions.

Question 4

OCD includes specifiers for:

• Level of _____________
• Presence of _______

Answer 4

• Insight
• Tics

Question 5

OCD has a 12-month prevalence in the U.S. of about ___%.

Answer 5

1.2%.

Question 6

In ____________, OCD is equally common in males and females. However, because of the earlier age of onset, OCD in children is more common in __________ than ____________.

Answer 6

• Adults
• Males
• Females

Question 7

The hypothesis that OCD is caused by low levels of ____________ is supported by the effectiveness of drugs that block the reuptake of this neurotransmitter.

Answer 7

Serotonin.

Question 8

There is evidence that both behavioral and drug treatments for OCD reduce activity in the right _______________, which is involved in converting sensory input into cogntions and actions that appear to be overactive in people with OCD.

Answer 8

Caudate nucleus.

Question 9

Other areas of the brain implicated in OCD include the __________________ and ____________________, which mediate emotional reactions.

Answer 9

• Orbitofrontal cortex
• Cingulate cortex

Question 10

The treatment of choice for OCD involves a combination of ___________________ and an SSRI or the TCA _________________.

Answer 10

• Exposure with response prevention
• Imipramine

Question 11

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is characterized by a preoccupation with a defect or flaw in ________________ that appears minor or is _____________ to others.

Answer 11

• Appearance
• Unobservable

Question 12

Someone qualifying for a diagnosis of BDD has, at some time during the course of the disorder, performed ________________ or mental acts because of the defect or flaw.

Answer 12

Repetitive behaviors.

Question 13

Hoarding Disorder involves a “persistent difficulty discarding or parting with _________________, regardless of their ________________.”

Answer 13

• Possessions
• Actual value