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A & P > objective 8 pt 1 > Flashcards

objective 8 pt 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the primary sex organs?

A

testes and ovaries

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2
Q

produce gametes
secrete steroid sex hormones

A

primary sex organs

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3
Q

what are the gametes that primary sex organs produce?

A

sperm and ova

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4
Q

what are the hormones that primary sex organs produce?

A

androgens
estrogens and progesterone

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5
Q

what are the accessory reproductive organs?

A

ducts, glands, and external genitalia

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6
Q

sperm-producing male gonads that lie within the scrotum

A

testes

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7
Q

delivered through the body through system of ducts

A

sperm

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8
Q

what are the ducts that sperm is delievered through the body>

A

epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

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9
Q

what are the accessory sex glands?

A

seminal glands, prostate, and bulbo-urethral glands

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10
Q

sac of skin and superficial fascia
hangs outside abdominopelvic cavity
contains paired oval testes

A

scrotum

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11
Q

smooth muscle; wrinkles scrotal skin; pulls scrotum close to body when cold; allows scrotum to hang lower when hot

A

dartos muscle

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12
Q

bands of skeletal muscle that elevate testes

A

cremaster muscles

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13
Q

what are the 2 tunics that the testis is surrounded by?

A

tunica vaginalis
tunica albuginea

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14
Q

outer layer derived from peritoneoum

A

tunica vaginalis

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15
Q

extends inward, fibrous capsule of the testis

A

tunica albuginea

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16
Q

extend inward from tunica albuginea divide testis into 250 lobules, each containing one to 4 coiled seminiferous tubules

A

septa

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17
Q

have thick, stratified epithelium surrounding fluid-containing lumen

A

seminiferous tubules

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18
Q

contains spheroid spermatogenic cells embedded in support cells called sustentocytes

A

epithelium

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19
Q

surround each seminiferous tubule
smooth-muscle like cells that may squeez sperm and testicular fluids out of testes

A

myoid cells

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20
Q

is made up of the head, body and the tail
site of sperm storage until ejaculation

A

epididymis

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21
Q

located in soft tissue surrounding seminiferous tubules
produce androgens, such as testosterone
secrete it into interstitial fluid

A

interstitial endocrine cells

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22
Q

encloses nerve fibers, blood vessels, and lymphatics supply testes

A

spermatic cord

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23
Q

arise from abdominal aorta

A

testicular arteries

24
Q

arise from pampiniform venous plexus surrounding each testicular artery

A

testicular veins

25
Q

what are the ducts that carry sperm from testes to exterior of body?

A

epididymis
ductus deferens
ejaculatory duct
urethra

26
Q

contains efferent ductules and is located on superior aspect of testis
located on posterolateral area of testis

A

head

27
Q

is ~6m in legnth; makes up most of the epididymis

A

duct of the epididymis

28
Q

absorb testicular fluid and pass nutrients to stored sperm

A

microvilli

29
Q

~45 cm long
passes through inguinal canal to pelvic cavity
extends from epididymis to ejaculatory duct

A

ductus deferens

30
Q

cutting and ligating ductus deferens

A

vasectomy

31
Q

expels both urine and semen
extends from bladder to tip of penis

A

urethra

32
Q

what are the 3 regions of the urethra

A

prostatic urethra
intermediate part of the urethra (membranous)
spongy urethra

33
Q

surrounded by prostate

A

prostatic urethra

34
Q

in urogenital diaphragm

A

intermediate part of the urethra (membraneous)

35
Q

runs through penis; opens at external urethral orifice

A

spongy urethra

36
Q

male copulatory organ
made up of spongy urethra and 3 cylindrical bodies of erectile tissue

A

penis

37
Q

scrotum and penis

A

external genitalia

38
Q

surgical removal of foreskin

A

circumcision

38
Q

what does the penis consist of?

A

root and shift/body
prepuce/foreskin

38
Q

anchors penis to pubic arch

A

crura

38
Q

surrounds urethra and expands to form glans and bulb

A

corpus spongiosum

39
Q

paired (2) dorsal erectile bodies, proximal ends from the crura

A

corpora cavernosa

40
Q

erectile tissue fills with blood, causing penis to enlarge and become rigid

A

erection

40
Q

a pair of glands on posterior bladder surface
contains smooth muscle that contracts during ejaculation
produces viscous alkaline seminal fluid

A

seminal glands (vesicles)

41
Q

diamond-shaped region between pubic symphysis, coccyx, and ischial tuberosities
suspends scrotum
contains root of penis and anus

A

male perineum

42
Q

encircles urethra inferior to bladder
size of peach put
consist of smooth muscle that contracts during ejaculation
secretes milky slightly acid fluid

A

prostate

43
Q

pea-sized glands inferior to prostate
produce thick, clear mucus during sexual arousal
lubricate glans penis
neutralize traces of acidic urine in urethra

A

bulbo-urethral glands

44
Q

milky-white mixture of sperm and accessory gland secretions
contains fructose from seminal glans and activating fluid from prostate, and mucus from buldo-urethral glands
alkaline fluid neutralizes acidity of male urethra and female vagina and enhances motility

A

semen

45
Q

what are the characteristics of semen?

A
  • Contain prostaglandins that decrease viscosity of
    mucus in cervix and stimulate reverse peristalsis in
    uterus
  • Contains the hormone relaxin and other enzymes that
    enhance sperm motility
  • Contains ATP for energy
  • Can suppress female immune response
  • Antibiotic chemicals destroy some bacteria
  • Clotting factors coagulate semen initially to prevent
    draining out, then liquefy it by fibrinolysin so sperm
    can finish journey
46
Q

enlargement and stiffening of penis

A

erection

47
Q

are normally constricted when not sexually aroused; penis is flaccid

A

arterioles

48
Q

causes CNA activation of parasympathetic neurons, which released NO

A

sexual excitement

49
Q

expulsion of semen from male duct system
sympathetic spinal reflex

A

ejaculation

50
Q

how many chromosomes do most body cells have

A

26, 2 sets of s3

51
Q

one, maternal, one paternal

A

homologous chromosomes

52
Q

two sets of 23 pairs

A

diploid chromosomal number (2n)

53
Q

have only 23 chromosomes

A

haploid chromosomal number (n)

A & P (21 decks)

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