OB - Module 5 Flashcards
Spontaneous abortion
Loss of pregnancy prior to 20 weeks
Types of Abortions Threatened Inevitable Incomplete Missed Complete Reccurent
Threatened - Increased chance to lose pregnancy
Inevitable - Cannot be stopped
Incomplete - Not all products of conception have passed
Missed - Fetus dies in 1st trimester and is still in the uterus
Complete - All products of conception have passed
Reccurent - 2 or more spontaneous
Difference between threatened and inevitable abortion
In a threatened abortion, the membranes are intact and cervix is not opening
Intervention for Threatened Abortion
Bed rest for 24 hours, still allowed to get up, but should limit activity. No sexual activity and count pads
Inevitable abortion intervention when fetus is not expelled
Vacuum curretage in the early weeks or Dilation and curretage in the late weeks
Missed abortion characteristic
Uterus stops growing and dark brown bleeding. also at risk for Disemminated intravascular clot
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease
Uterus not compatible with life. Increased HCG levels and managed by removing tissue with vaccuum.
Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Persistent, uncontrolled vomiting
Placenta Previa
Marginal
Partial
Total
Placenta implanting in the lower part of the uterus.
Marginal - Barely extends to cervical os (does not cover)
Partial - Does not fully cover cervical os
Total - Fully covers cervical os
TOTAL/PARTIAL REQUIRES C-SECTION
Gestational Hypertension
BP 140/90 without proteinuria
Drug of choice for Preeclampsia
Magnesium Sulfate (CNS depressant), reduces seizures and BP. ALWAYS PIGGYBACK and hourly assessments (especially BP and RR).
HELLP syndrome
Severe form of Pre/Eclampsia
Hemolysis of rbcs Elevated Liver enzymes Low Platelets
Pregnancy Antihypertensive medications
Labetalol and Hydralazine
Blood incompatiblity
RH- mother and RH+ baby
Type O mother and baby is a,b, or ab
Mother is given RhoGAM if RH- after invasive procedures, 28 weeks, and after birth of infant.
When do pregnant mothers develop a resistance to their own insulin?
Week 20-26. could cause gestational diabetes.
Insulin needs during pregnancy
1st trimester - Decreased demand
2/3 trimester - Large Increased demand
Labor - Tight glycemic control
Postpartum - Rapid decrease. Need to monitor
Glucose Challenge test
done at 24-26 weeks, takes 1 hour, >140 mg/dl indicates further testing (they do a 3hr glucose tolerance test)
Oral glucose tolerance test
3 hour test, gold standard that determines diet and insulin needs.
Cardiac disease Class
Class I - Unrestricted activity
Class II - Slightly restricted activity, activity causes PAFD (palpitations, angina, fatigue, dyspnea)
Class III - Moderately restricted activity, activity causes palpitation, angina, fatigue, dyspnea
Class IV - Discomfort with all activity, activity causes angina and cardiac insufficiency at rest.
What is megaloblastic anemia
Folic acid deficiency
Antiphospholipid disease
Recurrent arterial/venous clots and decreased platelets
What is Cytomegalovirus’ effect and transmission?
Transmitted through breast milk and causes deafness, blindness, mental retardation and seizures.
What is Rubella’s effect and transmission?
Transmitted through placenta and causes deafness, retardation, cardiac defects, and microcephaly.
Varicella transmission and effect?
Transmitted Direct, Respiratory tract, and through placenta. Causes limb hypoplasia, scars, cataracts, and microcephaly. Baby is protected ONLY if baby is born 6 days before the mother develops varicella as maternal antibodies protect the fetus. If
