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Nursing > Mental Final - Exam 2 > Flashcards

Mental Final - Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Maslow’s hieracrhy

A

Physiological, Safety, Love/belonging, Self-Esteem, Self-actualization

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2
Q

Typical Antipsychotics

A

Today Many Schiz Probably Need Homes

Thorazine
Mellaril
Stellazine
Prolixin
Naxane
Haldol
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3
Q

Atypical Antipsychotics

A

I See Really Green Aliens Zoom Close

Invega
Seroquel
Risperdal
Geodon
Abilify
Zyprexa
Clozaril
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4
Q

Diabetic patients do not get this med

A

Zyprexa

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5
Q

Cardiac patients do not get this med

A

Geodon. QT elongation

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6
Q

Cause weight gain

A

Seroquel, Zyprexa

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7
Q

Cause agranulocytosis

A

Clozaril. Must have tried two other meds and patient must agree to weekly blood draws.

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8
Q

Safest medications

A

Abilify, Seroquel

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9
Q

BAL !!!0.05!!!

A

Impaired judgement

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10
Q

BAL 0.10

A

Ataxia

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11
Q

BAL 0.20

A

Reduced brain motor activity, staggering, emotional lability

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12
Q

BAL 0.30

A

Confusion, Stupor

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13
Q

BAL 0.40

A

Coma

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14
Q

BAL 0.50

A

Death from respiratory depression

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15
Q

Peak of withdrawal after cessation?

A

24-48 hours

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16
Q

Delrium tremens symptoms

A

Anorexia, fluctuating LOC, Delusions, Hallucinations, Fever

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17
Q

Benzodiazepams that don’t affect the liver (can be used with alcoholics)

A

Valium and Ativan

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18
Q

Benzodiazpines used for withdrawal

A

Ativan, Valium, and Librium

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19
Q

What can’t be used with BENZODIAZEPINES?

A

Phenobarbital

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20
Q

Withdrawal patients considerations

A

They have developed tolerance and must be given higher doses (OD’d) with Benzodiazepines

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21
Q

Risk for withdrawal patients and intervention

A

Malnutrition, Give Thiamin (B1) - Given with Megnesium Sulfate, Folic Acid, and Multivitamins

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22
Q

Why is Thiamin given to withdrawal patients

A

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome prevention

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23
Q

What is given along with Thiamin to increase effectiveness?

A

Magnesium Sulfate

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24
Q

Scale for alcohol withdrawal

A

CIWA Scale

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25
What score indicates the need for Benzodiazepines?
>15
26
How to check for drug levels
Blood and urine screens
27
When are drug screens performed?
Upon arrival
28
Disulfiram
Classical conditioning for Alcoholics. Causes negative symptoms if person drinks.
29
ReVia
Prevents Alcohol/Narcotic addicts relapse by blocking euphoric effects and cravings.
30
Acamprosate
Treats alcoholism, not fully understood why.
31
Alcoholics anonymous frequency reccomendation
90 meetings, 90 days
32
Examples of Opiods
Heroin, Morphine, Codeine, Methadone
33
Examples of Hallucinogens
Peyote, Shrroms, Angels Trumpet, LSD, PCP
34
Examples of Inhalants
Hairspray, gas, whiteout
35
CNS Stimulants Examples
Amphetamines, Cocaine, Caffeine, and Nicotine.
36
CNS Depressants Examples
Alcohol, Barbituates, Benzodiazepines, Hypnotic Sedatives.
37
Opiod Symptoms and Interventions
Pupil CONSTRICTION, respiratory depression, psychomotor retardation, eurphoria. Intervention: Taper down with Methoadone, Catapres (BP), and Naltrexone.
38
Hallucinogen Symptoms and Interventions
Pupil DILATION, Increased vitals, Diaphoresis, palpitations, and tremors. Intervention: Room with decreased light/stimuli, give Diazepam (anxiety) and hydrate.
39
Inhalants Symptoms and Interventions
Euphoria, CNS depression, hallucinations, sexual pleasure, BRAIN DAMAGE. Intervention: Oxygen, Methylene blue administration, and B12 for neuropathy.
40
CNS Stimulants Symptoms and Interventions
Pupil DILATION, Increase vitals, N/V, Insomnia, hallucinations, paranoia, psychosis. Intervention: Administer Bromocriptine (Parlodel) or Antidepressants
41
CNS Depressants Symptoms and Interventions
Same symptoms as alcohol withdrawal (deadly). | Intervention: Titrate with similiar drug (Benzo), DO NOT STOP ABRUPTLY.
42
Difference between Psychotic and Substance Abuse patients
PRESENT REALITY to substance abusers
43
Topomax
Decreases alcohol cravings by inhibiting dopamine.
44
Assessment for Drugs
What drug, amount, and last time taken.
45
NMS symptoms
Fever, increased muscle tone and rigidity.
46
Medications for NMS
Mild: Parlodel Severe: Dantrolene
47
Teenage Erickson's Stage
Identity vs Role Confusion
48
Baby Erickson's Stage
Trust vs Mistrust
49
Elder Erickson's Stage
Integrity vs Despair
50
Dopamine
Neurotransmitter. Emotions and thoughts and decision making (decrease = depression, increase = schizo and mania)
51
Norepinephrine
Neurotransmitter. Affects mood, fight or flight (decrease = depression, increase = mania, anxiety and schizo)
52
Serotonin
Neurotransmitter. Sleep regulation, hunger, mood, pain perception (decrease = depression)
53
GABA
Neurotransmitter. Role in inhibition, reduces aggression, excitation, anxiety (decrease = anxiety disorder, schizo)
54
Antianxiety and hypnotic
Basic Medication. Minimize GABA (benzos, diazepam)
55
Tricyclic antidepressants
Basic Medication. Blocking reuptake of norepinephrine (amitriptyline)
56
Mood stabilizers
Basic Medication. Interact with sodium and potassium (lithium, tegretol, depakote)
57
Antipsychotics
Basic Medication. Antagonists of receptors for dopamine (clozapine, risperdal)
58
Geodon
Atypical Antipsychotic. Prolongations of QT interval
59
Atypical Antipsychotics
less medication side effects
60
Clozaril
Atypical Antipsychotic. Side effect of agranulocytosis, so monitor WBCs
61
Risperdal
Atypical Antipsychotic. Low EPS/sedation
62
Seroquel
Atypical Antipsychotic. Less weight gain, sedation and EPS
63
Zyprexa
Atypical Antipsychotic. Hyperglycemia, causes weight gain
64
Abilify
Atypical Antipsychotic. Dopamine system stabilizer, less weight gain
65
Lithium
Atypical Antipsychotic. Low therapeutic index/bipolar. Know the number 1.5, why its lower or higher
66
Consta
Atypical Antipsychotic. Long acting depot injection
67
Depakote
Atypical Antipsychotic. Anti-convulsant used for treatment of manic depression, seizures
68
Antabuse
Atypical Antipsychotic. Used in patients who want to stay sober, produces adverse effects when alcohol is consumed (facial flushing, sweating, throbbing, headache, neck pain, tachycardia, respiratory distress)
69
Re Via
Atypical Antipsychotic. Naltrexone. An agent used for narcotic addiction and sometimes alcoholism, blocks opiate receptors
70
Alcohol/Benzos intoxication symptoms
slurred speech, drowsiness, impaired judgment, decreased blood pressure
71
Opiates intoxication symptoms
constricted pupils, decreased RR, drowsiness, decreased BP, slurred speech
72
Stimulants/hallucinogens intoxication symptoms
tachycardia, dilated pupils, elevated BP, N/V, insomnia, increased energy
73
Medications used to safely withdraw from alcohol
Revia, Campral, Topomax, Antabuse
74
Medications used to safely withdraw from opioids
Methadone, LAAM, Revia, Clonidine, Subutex
75
SSRI's
Anti-depressants. Celexa, Lexapro, Prozac, Luvox, Paxil, Zoloft. First line of treatment for major depression. Treatment for anxiety disorders.
76
SSRI SEs
agitation, insomnia, headache, nausea, sexual dysfunction
77
SSRI Serotonin syndrome
high fever, don't take SSRIs and MAOIs because it could cause this, could happen if taking St. John's wart with these methods
78
SNRI's
Anti-depressants. Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
79
Tricyclics
Anti-depressants. Elavil, Anafranil, Norpramin, Sinequan, Tofranil, Aventyl, Vlvactll. Cheap but people can overdose them.
80
Tricyclics SEs
More prominent side effects than SSRIs. Dries you up!
81
MAOI's
Anti-depressants. Nardil, Emsam, Parnate. Treatment resistant depression can be treated with this.
82
MAOI's SEs
Insomnia, nausea, hypertensive crisis or serotonin syndrome. Check hypertension. Must restrict tyramine rich foods (avocados, salami, liver).
83
Lithium
Mood stabilizer. Must be below 1.5 to be in therapeutic range.
84
Lithium toxicity
coarse hand tremor, mental confusion, ataxia, seizures. Give regular fluids and salt intake on Lithium therapy
85
Anti-convulsants
Depakote, Tegretol, Lamictal, Trileptal, Neurontin, Klonopin. Given for headaches. Recommended for acute mania and maintenance treatment for bipolar
86
Anti-convulsants SEs
Fine hand tremor, polyuria, mild thirst, nausea, weight gain
87
Anti-psychotics
Abilify, Zyprexa, Seroquel, Risperdal, Geodon. For acute mania.
88
Anti-anxiety
Benzodiazepines - Xanax, Librium, Klonopin, Valium, Ativan, Serax, Buspar. Xanax is highly addictive, Buspar is nonaddictive but takes 2 weeks to work
89
ADHD meds
Ritalin, Adderall, Strattera. Strattera is not a stimulant and have decreased concern with growth hormones

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