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Nursing > Mental Final - Exam 2 > Flashcards

Mental Final - Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Maslow’s hieracrhy

A

Physiological, Safety, Love/belonging, Self-Esteem, Self-actualization

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2
Q

Typical Antipsychotics

A

Today Many Schiz Probably Need Homes

Thorazine
Mellaril
Stellazine
Prolixin
Naxane
Haldol
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3
Q

Atypical Antipsychotics

A

I See Really Green Aliens Zoom Close

Invega
Seroquel
Risperdal
Geodon
Abilify
Zyprexa
Clozaril
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4
Q

Diabetic patients do not get this med

A

Zyprexa

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5
Q

Cardiac patients do not get this med

A

Geodon. QT elongation

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6
Q

Cause weight gain

A

Seroquel, Zyprexa

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7
Q

Cause agranulocytosis

A

Clozaril. Must have tried two other meds and patient must agree to weekly blood draws.

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8
Q

Safest medications

A

Abilify, Seroquel

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9
Q

BAL !!!0.05!!!

A

Impaired judgement

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10
Q

BAL 0.10

A

Ataxia

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11
Q

BAL 0.20

A

Reduced brain motor activity, staggering, emotional lability

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12
Q

BAL 0.30

A

Confusion, Stupor

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13
Q

BAL 0.40

A

Coma

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14
Q

BAL 0.50

A

Death from respiratory depression

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15
Q

Peak of withdrawal after cessation?

A

24-48 hours

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16
Q

Delrium tremens symptoms

A

Anorexia, fluctuating LOC, Delusions, Hallucinations, Fever

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17
Q

Benzodiazepams that don’t affect the liver (can be used with alcoholics)

A

Valium and Ativan

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18
Q

Benzodiazpines used for withdrawal

A

Ativan, Valium, and Librium

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19
Q

What can’t be used with BENZODIAZEPINES?

A

Phenobarbital

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20
Q

Withdrawal patients considerations

A

They have developed tolerance and must be given higher doses (OD’d) with Benzodiazepines

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21
Q

Risk for withdrawal patients and intervention

A

Malnutrition, Give Thiamin (B1) - Given with Megnesium Sulfate, Folic Acid, and Multivitamins

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22
Q

Why is Thiamin given to withdrawal patients

A

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome prevention

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23
Q

What is given along with Thiamin to increase effectiveness?

A

Magnesium Sulfate

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24
Q

Scale for alcohol withdrawal

A

CIWA Scale

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25
Q

What score indicates the need for Benzodiazepines?

A

> 15

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26
Q

How to check for drug levels

A

Blood and urine screens

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27
Q

When are drug screens performed?

A

Upon arrival

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28
Q

Disulfiram

A

Classical conditioning for Alcoholics. Causes negative symptoms if person drinks.

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29
Q

ReVia

A

Prevents Alcohol/Narcotic addicts relapse by blocking euphoric effects and cravings.

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30
Q

Acamprosate

A

Treats alcoholism, not fully understood why.

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31
Q

Alcoholics anonymous frequency reccomendation

A

90 meetings, 90 days

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32
Q

Examples of Opiods

A

Heroin, Morphine, Codeine, Methadone

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33
Q

Examples of Hallucinogens

A

Peyote, Shrroms, Angels Trumpet, LSD, PCP

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34
Q

Examples of Inhalants

A

Hairspray, gas, whiteout

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35
Q

CNS Stimulants Examples

A

Amphetamines, Cocaine, Caffeine, and Nicotine.

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36
Q

CNS Depressants Examples

A

Alcohol, Barbituates, Benzodiazepines, Hypnotic Sedatives.

37
Q

Opiod Symptoms and Interventions

A

Pupil CONSTRICTION, respiratory depression, psychomotor retardation, eurphoria.
Intervention: Taper down with Methoadone, Catapres (BP), and Naltrexone.

38
Q

Hallucinogen Symptoms and Interventions

A

Pupil DILATION, Increased vitals, Diaphoresis, palpitations, and tremors.
Intervention: Room with decreased light/stimuli, give Diazepam (anxiety) and hydrate.

39
Q

Inhalants Symptoms and Interventions

A

Euphoria, CNS depression, hallucinations, sexual pleasure, BRAIN DAMAGE.
Intervention: Oxygen, Methylene blue administration, and B12 for neuropathy.

40
Q

CNS Stimulants Symptoms and Interventions

A

Pupil DILATION, Increase vitals, N/V, Insomnia, hallucinations, paranoia, psychosis. Intervention: Administer Bromocriptine (Parlodel) or Antidepressants

41
Q

CNS Depressants Symptoms and Interventions

A

Same symptoms as alcohol withdrawal (deadly).

Intervention: Titrate with similiar drug (Benzo), DO NOT STOP ABRUPTLY.

42
Q

Difference between Psychotic and Substance Abuse patients

A

PRESENT REALITY to substance abusers

43
Q

Topomax

A

Decreases alcohol cravings by inhibiting dopamine.

44
Q

Assessment for Drugs

A

What drug, amount, and last time taken.

45
Q

NMS symptoms

A

Fever, increased muscle tone and rigidity.

46
Q

Medications for NMS

A

Mild: Parlodel
Severe: Dantrolene

47
Q

Teenage Erickson’s Stage

A

Identity vs Role Confusion

48
Q

Baby Erickson’s Stage

A

Trust vs Mistrust

49
Q

Elder Erickson’s Stage

A

Integrity vs Despair

50
Q

Dopamine

A

Neurotransmitter. Emotions and thoughts and decision making (decrease = depression, increase = schizo and mania)

51
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Neurotransmitter. Affects mood, fight or flight (decrease = depression, increase = mania, anxiety and schizo)

52
Q

Serotonin

A

Neurotransmitter. Sleep regulation, hunger, mood, pain perception (decrease = depression)

53
Q

GABA

A

Neurotransmitter. Role in inhibition, reduces aggression, excitation, anxiety (decrease = anxiety disorder, schizo)

54
Q

Antianxiety and hypnotic

A

Basic Medication. Minimize GABA (benzos, diazepam)

55
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants

A

Basic Medication. Blocking reuptake of norepinephrine (amitriptyline)

56
Q

Mood stabilizers

A

Basic Medication. Interact with sodium and potassium (lithium, tegretol, depakote)

57
Q

Antipsychotics

A

Basic Medication. Antagonists of receptors for dopamine (clozapine, risperdal)

58
Q

Geodon

A

Atypical Antipsychotic. Prolongations of QT interval

59
Q

Atypical Antipsychotics

A

less medication side effects

60
Q

Clozaril

A

Atypical Antipsychotic. Side effect of agranulocytosis, so monitor WBCs

61
Q

Risperdal

A

Atypical Antipsychotic. Low EPS/sedation

62
Q

Seroquel

A

Atypical Antipsychotic. Less weight gain, sedation and EPS

63
Q

Zyprexa

A

Atypical Antipsychotic. Hyperglycemia, causes weight gain

64
Q

Abilify

A

Atypical Antipsychotic. Dopamine system stabilizer, less weight gain

65
Q

Lithium

A

Atypical Antipsychotic. Low therapeutic index/bipolar. Know the number 1.5, why its lower or higher

66
Q

Consta

A

Atypical Antipsychotic. Long acting depot injection

67
Q

Depakote

A

Atypical Antipsychotic. Anti-convulsant used for treatment of manic depression, seizures

68
Q

Antabuse

A

Atypical Antipsychotic. Used in patients who want to stay sober, produces adverse effects when alcohol is consumed (facial flushing, sweating, throbbing, headache, neck pain, tachycardia, respiratory distress)

69
Q

Re Via

A

Atypical Antipsychotic. Naltrexone. An agent used for narcotic addiction and sometimes alcoholism, blocks opiate receptors

70
Q

Alcohol/Benzos intoxication symptoms

A

slurred speech, drowsiness, impaired judgment, decreased blood pressure

71
Q

Opiates intoxication symptoms

A

constricted pupils, decreased RR, drowsiness, decreased BP, slurred speech

72
Q

Stimulants/hallucinogens intoxication symptoms

A

tachycardia, dilated pupils, elevated BP, N/V, insomnia, increased energy

73
Q

Medications used to safely withdraw from alcohol

A

Revia, Campral, Topomax, Antabuse

74
Q

Medications used to safely withdraw from opioids

A

Methadone, LAAM, Revia, Clonidine, Subutex

75
Q

SSRI’s

A

Anti-depressants. Celexa, Lexapro, Prozac, Luvox, Paxil, Zoloft. First line of treatment for major depression. Treatment for anxiety disorders.

76
Q

SSRI SEs

A

agitation, insomnia, headache, nausea, sexual dysfunction

77
Q

SSRI Serotonin syndrome

A

high fever, don’t take SSRIs and MAOIs because it could cause this, could happen if taking St. John’s wart with these methods

78
Q

SNRI’s

A

Anti-depressants. Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors

79
Q

Tricyclics

A

Anti-depressants. Elavil, Anafranil, Norpramin, Sinequan, Tofranil, Aventyl, Vlvactll. Cheap but people can overdose them.

80
Q

Tricyclics SEs

A

More prominent side effects than SSRIs. Dries you up!

81
Q

MAOI’s

A

Anti-depressants. Nardil, Emsam, Parnate. Treatment resistant depression can be treated with this.

82
Q

MAOI’s SEs

A

Insomnia, nausea, hypertensive crisis or serotonin syndrome. Check hypertension. Must restrict tyramine rich foods (avocados, salami, liver).

83
Q

Lithium

A

Mood stabilizer. Must be below 1.5 to be in therapeutic range.

84
Q

Lithium toxicity

A

coarse hand tremor, mental confusion, ataxia, seizures. Give regular fluids and salt intake on Lithium therapy

85
Q

Anti-convulsants

A

Depakote, Tegretol, Lamictal, Trileptal, Neurontin, Klonopin. Given for headaches. Recommended for acute mania and maintenance treatment for bipolar

86
Q

Anti-convulsants SEs

A

Fine hand tremor, polyuria, mild thirst, nausea, weight gain

87
Q

Anti-psychotics

A

Abilify, Zyprexa, Seroquel, Risperdal, Geodon. For acute mania.

88
Q

Anti-anxiety

A

Benzodiazepines - Xanax, Librium, Klonopin, Valium, Ativan, Serax, Buspar. Xanax is highly addictive, Buspar is nonaddictive but takes 2 weeks to work

89
Q

ADHD meds

A

Ritalin, Adderall, Strattera. Strattera is not a stimulant and have decreased concern with growth hormones

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