Nutritional Deficiency

Question 1

Earliest ocular finding in vitamin A deficiency

Answer 1

Nyctalopia-delayed adaptation to dark

Question 2

Bitot spots

Answer 2

Circumscribed areas of xerosis of conjunctiva that appear as white spots

Question 3

Histology of vitamin A deficiency

Answer 3

Hyperkeratosis, follicular plugging, atrophy of sebaceous glands, squamous metaplasia of eccrine gland secretory cells

Question 4

Dx of vitamin A def

Answer 4

Serum retinol level

10,000 IU/day x 2-3 d

Question 5

B2 deficiency seen in

Answer 5

Alcoholics, newborns on ptx, boric acid, chlorpromazine, hypothyroidism

Question 6

B12 def

Answer 6

Glossitis, hyperpigmentation (may be generalized but MC in exposed areas like face/palmar creases, etc), canities, nail pigmentation

Question 7

Diet associated with niacin deficiency

Answer 7

Exclusively corn, millet or sorghum

Question 8

Pellagra inducing meds

Answer 8

INH, AZA, 6-MP, 5-FU, pyrazinamide, ethionamide, hydantoins, phenobarbital, carbamazepine

Question 9

Characteristic nose in pellagra

Answer 9

Seb derm of bridge of nose

Question 10

Earliest finding in pellagra

Answer 10

Photosensitivity

Question 11

Inherited form of biotin deficiency

Answer 11

3-hydroxyisovaleric acid in urine

Question 12

Zinc dose

Answer 12

1-2 mg/kg/d of zinc sulfate (50 mg of elemental zn per 220 zinc sulfate tab)

Question 13

EFA deficiency RF

Answer 13

Low birth wt infants, CF, IBD, TPN

Question 14

CF nutrient deficiency dermatitis

Answer 14

2 weeks to 6 mo of age
Overlap of EFA, kwashiorkor, acroderm entero
Red papules, may be annular

Question 15

Selenium deficiency

Answer 15

Hypopimentatiin of skin and hair, Terry’s nails