Nutritional Aspects of Diabetes Mellitus

Question 1

at what BMI do south asian and chinese people become high risk for diabetes?

Answer 1

23

Question 2

should fibre be increased or decreased in high risk patients for diabetes?

Answer 2

increased

Question 3

is hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state more common in T2s or T1s?

Answer 3

T2

Question 4

do you need to eat smaller meals in both diabetic conditions or just T1/T2?

Answer 4

T1 only

Question 5

how can HDL cholesterol be increased?

Answer 5

decreased saturated fat to decrease triglycerides

Question 6

how can blood pressure be managed by diet?

Answer 6

decrease salt

Question 7

how many calories should be cut off the patients normal?

Answer 7

600

Question 8

what does 1 carb portion typically equate to?

Answer 8

10g

Question 9

how to treat early hypo?

Answer 9

15-20g carbohydrate eg 200ml lucozade/OJ

Question 10

when are T1DM’s most likely to get a hypo?

Answer 10

missed meal
not enough carbs at last meal
too much exercise
too much insulin
alcohol on empty stomach

Question 11

when can a hypo happen after exercise?

Answer 11

12-24hrs after eg in afternoon if forgetting to take insulin before bed

Question 12

what duration of moderate intensity exercise makes someone likely to have a hypo?

Answer 12

60 mins

Question 13

at what BGL should you avoid exercise?

Answer 13

> 14mmol/l

Question 14

does alcohol increase or decease insulin activity?

Answer 14

increases

Question 15

are diabetic foods recommended?

Answer 15

no

Question 16

what is the glycaemic index?

Answer 16

the rank of the rate at which food makes BGL rise

Question 17

why should T2 diabetics eat low GI foods?

Answer 17

lowers HbA1C

Question 18

should T1DM’s eat a low GI diet?

Answer 18

no

Question 19

BMI at which most T2DM’s present?

Answer 19

28

Question 20

what BMI puts you at a HIGH risk of diabetes?

Answer 20

> 30

Question 21

what BMI range in the european population indicates increased risk of diabetes?

Answer 21

25-29.9

Question 22

does breastfeeding increase or decrease obesity risk?

Answer 22

decreases