Hypothalamus and Pituitary Tutorial Flashcards
“secretes their hormones into a network of ducts which are then carried around the body”: endocrine or exocrine?
exocrine
do endocrine or exocrine hormones have the longer duration of action?
endocrine
amines, peptides and proteins are only synthesised on demand: T or F?
F
all hormones are hydrophilic; T or F
F
steroid hormones are mainly bound to proteins in the plasma: T or F
T
amines, peptides and proteins stimulate and act on intracellular receptors?
F
out of steroids, amines and peptides; which has the shortest and longest half life?
amines = shortest steroids = longest
are all hypothalamic hormones peptides?
no, dopamine isnt
what inhibits release of GH from pituitary?
somatostatin
does GH have an effect on blood glucose?
yes, increases it
does GH increase glucose uptake in muscle or brain cells?
brain
does GH have an anabolic or catabolic effect on the body?
anabolic
effect if increased lipolysis in the body?
increased plasma fatty acids
what substance is released by the liver due to GH
IGF-1
why do patients with acromegaly have trouble sleeping?
soft tissue of the tongue and the larynx are increasing so their breathing is obstructed
do patients with acromegaly experience polyuria and polydipsia?
yes
what is prognathism?
increased size and pronouncement of the jaw due to acromegaly
main dental problem in acromegaly?
interdental separation
main skin problems experienced in acromegaly
acne
sweating
main 3 complications of GH excess
diabetes
hypertension
carpal tunnel syndrome
why do patients with acromegaly sometimes get carpal tunnel?
overgrowth of soft tissue structures in the hand compress the median nerve
definitive test for acromegaly diagnosis
GTT
what should the result of the GTT be in patients with acromegaly?
no suppression of GH from increased plasma glucose; GH levels will be about >1ug/l
first line treatment of acromegaly?
transsphenoidal removal of adenoma
