Hypothalamus and Pituitary Tutorial

Question 1

“secretes their hormones into a network of ducts which are then carried around the body”: endocrine or exocrine?

Answer 1

exocrine

Question 2

do endocrine or exocrine hormones have the longer duration of action?

Answer 2

endocrine

Question 3

amines, peptides and proteins are only synthesised on demand: T or F?

Answer 3

F

Question 4

all hormones are hydrophilic; T or F

Answer 4

F

Question 5

steroid hormones are mainly bound to proteins in the plasma: T or F

Answer 5

T

Question 6

amines, peptides and proteins stimulate and act on intracellular receptors?

Answer 6

F

Question 7

out of steroids, amines and peptides; which has the shortest and longest half life?

Answer 7

amines = shortest
steroids = longest

Question 8

are all hypothalamic hormones peptides?

Answer 8

no, dopamine isnt

Question 9

what inhibits release of GH from pituitary?

Answer 9

somatostatin

Question 10

does GH have an effect on blood glucose?

Answer 10

yes, increases it

Question 11

does GH increase glucose uptake in muscle or brain cells?

Answer 11

brain

Question 12

does GH have an anabolic or catabolic effect on the body?

Answer 12

anabolic

Question 13

effect if increased lipolysis in the body?

Answer 13

increased plasma fatty acids

Question 14

what substance is released by the liver due to GH

Answer 14

IGF-1

Question 15

why do patients with acromegaly have trouble sleeping?

Answer 15

soft tissue of the tongue and the larynx are increasing so their breathing is obstructed

Question 16

do patients with acromegaly experience polyuria and polydipsia?

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

what is prognathism?

Answer 17

increased size and pronouncement of the jaw due to acromegaly

Question 18

main dental problem in acromegaly?

Answer 18

interdental separation

Question 19

main skin problems experienced in acromegaly

Answer 19

acne

sweating

Question 20

main 3 complications of GH excess

Answer 20

diabetes
hypertension
carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 21

why do patients with acromegaly sometimes get carpal tunnel?

Answer 21

overgrowth of soft tissue structures in the hand compress the median nerve

Question 22

definitive test for acromegaly diagnosis

Answer 22

GTT

Question 23

what should the result of the GTT be in patients with acromegaly?

Answer 23

no suppression of GH from increased plasma glucose; GH levels will be about >1ug/l

Question 24

first line treatment of acromegaly?

Answer 24

transsphenoidal removal of adenoma