nutrition biochem

Question 1

: the components of food and drink that provide growth, replacement, and energy:

Answer 1

1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Vitamins
5. Minerals
6. Water

Question 2

the hydrolysis of starches, fats, and proteins into smaller units

Answer 2

DIGESTION

Question 3

7.) What Is the hydrolysis of starches, fats, and proteins into smaller units that can be absorbed and metabolized?

Question 4

8.) How much is the Basal caloric requirement for a young adult female?

Question 5

9.) What enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of a-1,4-glycosidic bonds of starch and glycogen?

Question 6

10.) What enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of lipids, which are located in the small intestine?

Question 7

11.) What is a dietary protein that contains all essential amino acids called?

Question 8

12-15 What are the 4 Vitamins that are fat-soluble?

Question 9

16.) If a patient has “Hypothyroidism”, what mineral deficiency does he/she have?

Question 10

17.) What deficiency is present if the patient has a positive Trousseau sign?

Question 11

18.) What is possibly deficient if the patient has blood loss with symptoms of pallor and fatigue?

Question 12

19.) If the patient has Pellagra, What Is has deficiency in what vitamins?

Question 13

20.) Its function is it allows bone formation, hormonal function and muscle contraction. What Mineral is it?

Question 14

: the energy requirement for a resting body.

Answer 14

BASAL CALORIC REQUIREMENT

Question 15

the main source of energy in a diet;

Answer 15

Carbohydrates

Question 16

the main dietary carbohydrates are:

Answer 16

The polysaccharide starch.
* The disaccharides lactose and sucrose.
* The monosaccharides glucose and fructose.

Question 17

catalyzes the hydrolysis of -1,4-glycosidic bonds of starch and glycogen

Answer 17

• -Amylase

Question 18

• -Amylase catalyzes

Answer 18

the hydrolysis of -1,4-glycosidic bonds of starch and glycogen

Question 19

• -Amylase

Answer 19

catalyzes the hydrolysis of -1,4-glycosidic bonds.

Question 20

_____catalyze the hydrolysis of -1,6- glycosidic bonds.

Answer 20

Debranching enzymes

Question 21

the most concentrated source of energy.

Answer 21

Fats

Question 22

the enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of lipids, are located in the small intestine

Answer 22

LIPASES:

Question 23

synthesized in the liver and stored in the gallbladder, emulsify water-insoluble dietary fats so that
they can be acted upon by lipases.

Answer 23

• BILE SALTS

Question 24

Fats are hydrolyzed to _____

Answer 24

fatty acids

Question 25

complex lipids ARE hydrolyzed to____

Answer 25

fatty acids

Question 26

complex lipids ARE hydrolyzed to____

Answer 26

fatty acids, alcohols (glycerol, ethanolamine, sphingosine), and carbohydrates

Question 27

Fats are hydrolyzed to fatty acids, and complex lipids to fatty acids, alcohols (glycerol, ethanolamine, sphingosine), and carbohydrates. These hydrolysis products are absorbed through the

Answer 27

intestinal walls.

Question 28

, their main use is to furnish amino acids from which the body can synthesize its own proteins.

Answer 28

Protein-

Question 29

Digestion of proteins begins with

Answer 29

cooking

, which denatures proteins and makes it easier for the digestive enzymes and
HCl of the stomach to hydrolyze them.

Question 30

• Most protein digestion occurs in

Answer 30

small intestine.

Question 31

: A dietary protein that contains all essential amino acids.

Answer 31

COMPLETE PROTEIN

Question 32

which is denatured collagen

Answer 32

Gelatin

Question 33

is an incomplete protein because it lacks Trp, and is low in Ile and Met.

Answer 33

Gelatin

Question 34

Gelatin is an incomplete protein because it lacks ____, and is low in ____and Met___

Answer 34

Trp

Ile and Met.

Question 35

Corn protein is low in

Answer 35

Lys and Trp.

Question 36

Rice is low in

Answer 36

Lys and Thr.

Question 37

• Wheat protein is low in

Answer 37

Lys.

Question 38

Legumes are low in

Answer 38

Met and Cys.

Question 39

Soy protein is very low in

Answer 39

Met

Question 40

a diet in which two or more proteins complementation each other’s deficiencies;for example:

Answer 40

PROTEIN COMPLEMENTATION