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Nursing School > NUR 238 - Exam 1 Review > Flashcards

NUR 238 - Exam 1 Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What does smoking cause?

A
  • Low birth weight

- IUGR (Intrauterine growth restriction)

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2
Q

Important nurse concept with wide demograpics.

A
  • Acknowledge different cultural practices

- Use translator when necessary

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3
Q

How do you avoid preterm labor?

A

Hydrate.

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4
Q

What is the range for normal weight gain in pregnancy?

A

25-35lbs.

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5
Q

What are all the phases in Stage 1 of labor?

A
  • Latent Phase
  • Active Phase
  • Transitional Phase
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6
Q

Facts about the Latent Phase.

A
  • Cervix: 0-3cm
  • Cx frequency of 5-30mins
  • Cx’s irregular
  • Talkative and eager
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7
Q

Facts about the Active Phase.

A
  • Cervix: 4-7cm
  • Cx frequency of 3-5mins
  • Rapid dilation and effacement
  • Some fetal descent
  • Anxiety, restlessness, helplessness
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8
Q

Facts about the Transitional Phase.

A
  • Cervic: 8-10cm
  • Cx frequency of 2-3mins
  • Complete dilation
  • Urge to push
  • Nausea, vomiting
  • Feeling need to have BM
  • Tired, irritable, fearful
  • Increased bloody show
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9
Q

Facts about Stage 2 of labor.

A
  • Full dilation
  • Prepare for delivery
  • Do not take pt to bathroom
  • Rupture of membranes
  • Birth (delivery of fetus)
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10
Q

Facts about Stage 3 of labor.

A

From time the baby is born to expulsion of placenta.

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11
Q

Facts about Stage 4 of labor.

A
  • Delivery of placenta
  • Maternal stabilization of vitals
  • Patient/newborn attachment
  • Perineal assessment
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12
Q

What is the purpose of Amniotic Fluid?

A
  • Maintain temperature
  • Provides protection
  • Allows for freedom of movement for musculoskeletal development
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13
Q

What is the normal amount of Amniotic Fluid?

A

800-1200mL.

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14
Q

What is the term for an Amniotic Fluid level of less than 300mL?

A

Oligohydramnios.

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15
Q

What is the term for an Amniotic Fluid level of more than 2000mL?

A

Polyhydramnios.

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16
Q

What does increased overall blood volume do to Hematocrit, etc?

A

Dilute the values.

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17
Q

When do you seek Prenatal Care?

A
  • Before becoming pregnant

- Genetic testing for risk factors

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18
Q

If a patient presents with family history of spinal disorders, what is the recommendation?

A

Folic acid supplements.

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19
Q

What does Folic Acid help prevent?

A

Neural tube defects.

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20
Q

Which foods are good sources for Folic Acid?

A
  • Leafy, green vegetables
  • Dried peas
  • Beans
  • Seeds
  • Orange juice
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21
Q

What is the purpose of Iron Supplements?

A

Increase RBC mass.

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22
Q

When are Iron Supplements best absorbed?

A

Between meals in conjunction with Vitamin C.

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23
Q

What is the purpose of Calcium?

A

Bone & teeth formation.

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24
Q

Which foods are good sources for Calcium?

A
  • Milk
  • Fortified soy milk
  • Fortified OJ
  • Nuts
  • Legumes
  • Dark, leafy, green vegetables
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25
Q

What are the goals for Healthy People 2020/30?

A
  • Reduce infant mortality
  • Decrease in SIDS
  • *no co-sleeping
  • *infant sleeps on back
  • Increase prenatal care
  • Decrease cesarean births
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26
Q

What is the normal Fetal Heart Rate?

A

110-160bpm.

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27
Q

What is Hyperemesis Gravidarum?

A

Persistent vomiting which produces weight loss, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalance.

28
Q

Advice for patients with nausea?

A
  • Avoid greasy foods

- High carbohydrate snack in AM

29
Q

Signs for Presumptive Pregnancy?

A
  • Amenorrhea
  • Fatigue
  • Nausea & Vomiting
  • Breast changes
  • Quickening
  • Uterine enlargement
30
Q

Signs for Probable Pregnancy?

A
  • Hegar’s sign
  • Chadwick’s sign
  • Goodell’s sign
  • Ballottement
  • Braxton Hick’s contractions
  • Positive pregnancy test
  • Fetal outline
31
Q

Signs for Positive Pregnancy?

A
  • Fetal heart sounds
  • Visualization of fetus by ultrasound
  • Fetal movement palpated by examiner
32
Q

What is Amniocentesis?

A

Aspiration of amniotic fluid.

33
Q

What is the purpose for an Early Amniocentesis?

A

Test for neural tube defects (spina bifida, anencephaly).

34
Q

What is the purpose for a Late Amniocentesis?

A

Lung maturity (L/S ratio - 2:1).

35
Q

What does an increased Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) indicate?

A

Neural tube defects.

36
Q

What does a decreased Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) indicate?

A

Down’s syndrome.

37
Q

List of Pregnancy Discomforts.

A
  • Mood swings
  • Heartburn
  • Back pain
38
Q

List of Pregnancy Warning Signs.

A
  • Tachycardia
  • Dysuria
  • Vaginal bleeding
  • Changes in fetal movement
  • Edema of hands and face
  • Severe vomiting
39
Q

How do you relieve back pain?

A

Pelvic rocking.

40
Q

Regarding Kick Counts, what should you monitor before telling your provider?

A

Less than 3 kicks/hour, contact provider.

41
Q

What is TORCH?

A
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Other (HIV, HIB, Syphilis, Hep B)
  • Rubella
  • Cytomegaly
  • Herpes
42
Q

Which vaccine do you not give pregnant patients?

A

Rubella.

43
Q

If the pregnant patient has herpes, what do you administer?

A

Valtrex.

44
Q

Facts on 8-week Gestation.

A

Fetal heartbeat via doppler.

45
Q

Facts on 12-week Gestation.

A
  • Sonogram

- Chorionic Villus Sampling

46
Q

What is Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)?

A

Assessment of placenta for chromosomal disorders.

47
Q

What are the risks with CVS?

A
  • Risk to fetus

- Risk of rupturing membrane

48
Q

Facts on 16-week Gestation.

A
  • Testing Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) is now possible
  • Triple or quad screen
  • Screening for preeclampsia
  • Amniocentesis
49
Q

Facts on 20-week Gestation.

A
  • Sonogram for growth

- Fundal height measurement (equal to gestational age weeks)

50
Q

Facts on 25-28 weeks Gestation.

A
  • Glucose challenge test (1hr) for dx gestational diabetes
  • Antibody testing
  • Test for gestational diabetes mellitus
51
Q

If the glucose levels is 130-140mg/dL or greater, what kind of test is required?

A

3-hour test.

52
Q

What do you administer if a pregnant patient is RH negative?

A

Rhogam.

53
Q

What vaccine can be given at 30-week gestation?

A

TDAP vaccine, NOT rubella.

54
Q

What do you test for at 35-weeks gestation?

A
  • Group B Strep Test

- Utilize a vaginal/rectal swab

55
Q

Facts on 37-40 week Gestation.

A
  • BPP
  • Cervical Exam
  • Non-Stress Test
  • Contraction Stress Test (CST)
56
Q

What does a Non-Stress Test do?

A

Assess FHR in relation to movement.

57
Q

What does a Contraction Stress Test (CST) do?

A
  • Analysis of FHR to contractions
  • Indicated for non-reactive stress test
  • Initiate IV oxytocin to stimulate contractions
58
Q

What is Bio-Physical Profile (BPP)?

A

Assessment of fetal well-being by 5 variables.

59
Q

What are the 5 variables assessed by the BPP?

A
  • FHR (2 points)
  • Breathing movements (2 points)
  • Body movements (2 points)
  • Fetal tone (2 points)
  • Amniotic Fluid Volume (2 points)
60
Q

If a fetus gets 8-10 points on a BPP, what is this indicative of?

A

Normal fetal health.

61
Q

If a fetus gets 6 points on a BPP, what is this indicative of?

A

Follow-up with health care.

62
Q

What is Lightening?

A

Fetal head drops into pelvis.

63
Q

What is the purpose of Progesterone?

A

Prevents uterus from contracting.

64
Q

What is the purpose of Estrogen?

A

Prepares uterus for implantation.

65
Q

What is the purpose of an Intra-Uterine Pressure Catheter (IUPC)?

A

Measures contraction intensity.

66
Q

How do you help a pregnant patient with calf cramps?

A

Flexion.

Nursing School (25 decks)

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