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Nursing School > Exam 3; Professor's YSKT > Flashcards

Exam 3; Professor's YSKT Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the initial symptoms of HIV?

A
  • Flu-like symptoms

- Mouth sores

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2
Q

Which medication do you use to treat low white blood cell counts?

A

Neupogen

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3
Q

Which medication do you use to treat low red blood cell counts?

A

Epogen

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4
Q

Which medication do you use to treat low platelet counts?

A

Neumega

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5
Q

What kind of diet do you want a cancer patient on?

A
  • Bland

- Nutritious

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6
Q

What are your ABCDE’s for TSSE’s?

A
  • Asymmetry
  • Borders
  • Color
  • Diameter
  • Evolving
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7
Q

What is the main concern with laryngectomy patients?

A
  • Stoma

- Airway clearance

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8
Q

What is the main concern with breast cancer patients?

A
  • Metastasis

- Lymphedema nursing care

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9
Q

What is the primary prevention method for skin cancer?

A
  • Avoid sun exposure

- Sunscreen

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10
Q

Most important thing to do for nursing care with someone with AIDS?

A

Comfort them

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11
Q

Patient with end-stage HIV is considered to have what?

A

AIDS

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12
Q

1st sign of anaphylactic reaction?

A

Stridor (upper airway obstruction)

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13
Q

What tests do they utilize for HIV?

A
  • ELISA

- Western blotting

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14
Q

How would one tell that they are infected?

A

Elevated WBCs (5,000-10,000 is WNL).

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15
Q

What is the most important thing for a patient dealing with breast cancer?

A

Acceptance.

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16
Q

What education is important for cancer patients receiving chemotherapy?

A
  • Radiation therapy & quarantine
  • List of things they should bring
  • Leave things outside their door
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17
Q

What are the first signs of an infection?

A

Fever.

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18
Q

What are the two medications you would give to someone on chemotherapy?

A
  • Anti-emetics

- Steroid therapy

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19
Q

What is the side effect of tamoxifen?

A

Hot flashes.

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20
Q

What is a major side effect of chemotherapy?

A

Kills the bad and the good cells.

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21
Q

What do you do with a patient who is leukopenic (decreased WBC count)?

A

Isolate them so they don’t get any type of infection.

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22
Q

What is the first sign of laryngeal cancer?

A

Hoarseness, followed by dysphagia.

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23
Q

What information does a patient’s albumin level tell us?

A

Their nutritional status.

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24
Q

What are the s&s of a simple allergic reaction?

A
  • Urticaria
  • Swollen tongue
  • No respiratory difficulty
25
Q

How do you treat a simple allergic reaction?

A

Diphenhydramine.

26
Q

How do you treat Anaphylaxis?

A
  • Epinephrine

- Fluids to decrease BP

27
Q

What safety action do you take with patients undergoing chemotherapy?

A

Monitor what goes into the room because things such as flowers or sushi can introduce bacteria into the environment and an infection will occur.

28
Q

What is the biggest education piece for patients diagnosed with immunosuppression disorder?

A

Always educate on prevention.

29
Q

What aspect of care is important with patients in end-stage HIV?

A

Nutrition is important to increase body weight and protein.

30
Q

Which abnormal genes indicate a higher chance of breast cancer?

A
  • BRCA 1

- BRCA 2

31
Q

What do Tx, Nx, and Mx mean?

A

The concerned area cannot be measured.

32
Q

What do T1-T4 refer to?

A

The size of the tumor from smaller to larger.

33
Q

What does N0 mean in grading?

A

No cancer in nearby lymph nodes.

34
Q

What does M0 mean in grading?

A

Cancer has not spread to other parts of body.

35
Q

What does M1 mean in grading?

A

Cancer has spread to other parts of the body.

36
Q

What does western blot test have to do with HIV?

A

Used in conjunction with ELISA to confirm HIV statuses.

37
Q

What is the difference between palliative care and hospice care?

A
  • Palliative care is more long-term (longer than 6 months)

- Hospice care is geared towards end-of-life care (6 months or less)

38
Q

What is the priority care of laryngectomy patients?

A

Airway clearance.

39
Q

What are Actinic Keratoses?

A

Pre-cancerous lesions on epidermis.

40
Q

What type of skin cancer is most common?

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

41
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma details.

A
  • Rough, scaly lesions on epidermis
  • Central ulceration and crusting
  • Can metastasize
42
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma details.

A
  • Small, waxy nodule on epidermis
  • High rate of reoccurrence
  • Erythema and ulcerations
43
Q

Malignant Melanoma details.

A
  • Irregular shape
  • Borders multiple colors
  • New/changed mole
  • Can occur wherever pigment cells are (i.e. Melanosis in intestines)
  • Rapid invasion and metastasis
44
Q

Why do you use a combination of 3 drugs with the HAART method?

A
  • To attack the virus from multiple instances

- To decrease the viral load

45
Q

What is leukopenia?

A

Low WBC count.

46
Q

What is thrombocytopenia?

A

Low platelet count.

47
Q

What do you do for Cryptosoridium?

A

Collect stool and test for parasites.

48
Q

What is Cytomegalovirus?

A

Opportunistic infection leading to retinitis.

49
Q

What else will a western blot test indicate?

A

If the patient is immunosuppressed.

50
Q

What is Cryptococcus Meningitis?

A

An opportunistic infection leading to a stiff neck and seizures.

51
Q

What is Kaposi Sarcoma?

A

An opportunistic infection leading to red, purple, brown lesions all over the body.

52
Q

What are the 5 types of drugs given for the HAART method?

A
  • Fusion Entry Inhibitor
  • NRTI’s (Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor)
  • Integrase Inhibitor
  • NNRTI’s (Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor)
  • Protease Inhibitors
53
Q

Enfuviritide facts.

A
  • Fusion Entry Inhibitor
  • Stops HIV from entering CD4 cells
  • Red, itchy, bruising at infusion site
54
Q

Zidovudine facts.

A
  • Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI)
  • Used for HIV prevention in childbirth
  • Treatment for congenital HIV
55
Q

Raltegravir facts.

A
  • Integrase Inhibitor
  • Always included in therapy
  • Decreases amount of HIV in blood by blocking retroviral replication
56
Q

Delavirdine facts.

A
  • Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor

- Binds & blocks reverse transcriptase which converts RNA to DNA

57
Q

Efavirenz facts.

A
  • Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor

- Binds & blocks reverse transcriptase which converts RNA to DNA

58
Q

Ritonavir facts.

A
  • Protease Inhibitors

- Prevents HIV growth by disrupting ability to form a chain where replication occurs

59
Q

Saquinavir facts.

A
  • Protease Inhibitors

- Prevents HIV growth by disrupting ability to form a chain where replication occurs

Nursing School (25 decks)

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