NUR 102 Exam 2, Week 1: Terms

Question 1

Adventitious

Answer 1

Abnormal breath sounds.

Question 2

Alveoli

Answer 2

• Small air sacs at the end of terminal bronchioles

- Site of gas exchange

Question 3

Angina

Answer 3

Temporary imbalance between amount of oxygen needed by the heart and amount delivered to heart muscles.

Question 4

Arterial Blood Gas

Answer 4

• Diagnostic test examining arterial blood

- Determines pressure exerted by O2 and CO2 in the blood

Question 5

Atelectasis

Answer 5

Incomplete expansion or collapse of lungs.

Question 6

Atria

Answer 6

Upper chambers of the heart.

Question 7

Atrioventricular Bundle

Answer 7

• Bundle of modified heart muscle that transmit cardiac impulses from AV node to the ventricles
• Causes them to contract

Question 8

Atrioventricular (AV) Node

Answer 8

• Specialized heart muscle located in septal wall of R atrium
• Receives impulses from SA node and transmit them to AV bundle

Question 9

Bronchial

Answer 9

• High-pitched sounds heard over larynx and trachea
• Harsh “blowing” sounds
• Expiration sound is longer than inspiration sound

Question 10

Bronchodilator

Answer 10

Medication that relaxes contractions of smooth muscle in bronchioles.

Question 11

Bronchovesicular

Answer 11

• Normal breath sounds heard on main-stem bronchus
• Moderate blowing sounds
• Inspiration sound is equal to expiration sound

Question 12

Capnography

Answer 12

Measuring ventilation and indirectly, blood flow through lungs.

Question 13

Cilia

Answer 13

Small hair-like structures that propel mucus towards upper airway to be coughed or spat out.

Question 14

Crackles

Answer 14

Crackling sounds made as air moves through wet secretions in lungs.

Question 15

Diffusion

Answer 15

• Tendency of solutes moving freely throughout a solvent

- High to low concentration

Question 16

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Answer 16

Graphic record produced by electrocardiograph.

Question 17

Endotracheal Tube

Answer 17

• Polyvinyl-chloride airway inserted through nose or move into trachea
• Laryngoscope guides this process

Question 18

Hypoxemia

Answer 18

Deficient oxygenation of blood.

Question 19

Hypoxia

Answer 19

Inadequate amount of O2 available to the cells.

Question 20

Ischemia

Answer 20

Deficiency of blood in a particular area.

Question 21

Perfusion

Answer 21

Oxygenating blood passing through tissues.

Question 22

Sinoatrial (SA) Node

Answer 22

• Mass of tissue in R upper atrium, below opening of superior vena cava
• Initiates transmission of electrical impulses
• Contracts heart at regular intervals (a.k.a. Pacemaker)

Question 23

Spirometer

Answer 23

• Measures lung capacity and volumes

- Incentive spirometer encourages deep breathing

Question 24

Sputum

Answer 24

Respiratory secretion from coughing or clearing throat.

Question 25

Surfactant

Answer 25

Phospholipid that reduces surface tension of fluid lining the alveoli.

Question 26

Tracheostomy

Answer 26

Artificial opening made in trachea for tubing.

Question 27

Ventricles

Answer 27

Lower chambers of heart.

Question 28

Vesicular

Answer 28

Normal respiration sound on peripheral lung areas.

Question 29

Wheezes

Answer 29

• High-pitched, musical-ish

- Continuous sound as air moves through narrow or partially obstructed airway passages