Mnemonics for Exam 3

Question 1

Hypocalcemia CATS

Answer 1

• Convulsions
• Arrhythmias
• Tetany
• Stridor and spasms

Question 2

Hypercalcemia BACKME

Answer 2

• Bone pain
• Arrhythmias
• Cardiac arrest
• Kidney stones
• Muscle weakness
• Excessive urination

Question 3

Hypernatremia FRIED SALT

Answer 3

• Fever
• Restless, irritable, anxious, confused
• Increased blood pressure and fluid retention
• Edema; peripheral and pitting
• Decreased urine output and dry mouth
• Skin flushed
• Agitation
• Low-grade fever
• Thirst

Question 4

Hypokalemia A SIC WALT

Answer 4

• Alkalosis
• Shallow respirations
• Irritability
• Confusion and drowsiness
• Weakness and fatigue
• Arrhythmias
• Lethargy
• Thready pulse