nucleic acids and other nucleotides Flashcards
antiparallel
-2 back bones in a DNA double helix run in opposite directions
what direction do the antiparallel strands run from
5- prime to 3- prime
what is 3 prime
-the hydroxyl group of the pentose sugar
what is 5 prime
-the phosphate group
what’s a polynucleotide
-when 3 or more nucleotides are joined together with phosphodiester bonds
what is the relationship between AT and CG and AU called
-complementary base pair
why is the bonding between nucleotides called phosphodiester
-the phosphate forms an ester bond with the hydroxyl group of the 3rd carbon on adjacent nucleotide
-the phosphate also forms another ester bond to the 5th carbon of pentose
what do you call a nucleotide with one or more phosphates attached to it
-phosphorylated nucleotide
what is ATP structure
-Adenosine triphosphate
-adenosine is made from ribose (sugar) and adenine (base)
-sugar combined with 3 phosphate groups on 5th carbon
properties of the phosphate
-always the same
-acid and negatively charged
-looses H in ester bond with pentose sugar
-forms ester bonds with 3rd and 5th carbon
properties of pentose sugar
-can be deoxyribose or ribose
-5 carbon atoms
-looses 2 OH groups in reactions
difference between deoxyribose and ribose molecular structure
-deoxyribose has H on 2nd carbon wheras ribose has OH
difference between deoxyribose than ribose
-deoxyribose is more stable than ribose
what does a phosphate group contain
-C, H, O, N, P
types of bases
-purine
-pyrimidine
