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Bio-chem > inorganic ions > Flashcards

inorganic ions Flashcards

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1
Q

calcium

A

Ca2+

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2
Q

role of calcium

A

-muscle contraction and regulate transmission of nerve impulses
-regulate permeability of cell membranes
-activator for enzymes e.g. ATPase

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3
Q

Sodium

A

Na+

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4
Q

role of sodium

A

-cotransport- amino acids and glucose enter cells w sodium
-regulation of osmotic pressure
-control water levels in bodily fluid
-contributes to nervous transmission and muscle contraction

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5
Q

potassium

A

K+

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6
Q

role of potassium

A

-involved in control of water levels in bodily fluid
-involved in synthesis of glycogen and protein and breakdown of glucose
-muscle contraction

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7
Q

hydrogen

A

H+

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8
Q

role of hydrogen

A

-involved in photosynthesis and respiration
-involved in transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood

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9
Q

ammonium

A

NH4+

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10
Q

role of ammonium

A

-component of amino acids, proteins, chlorophyll
-involved in maintenance of PH in human body
-a component of the nitrogen cycle

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11
Q

nitrate

A

NO-

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12
Q

role of nitrate

A

-some hormones made up of protiens which contain nitrogen e.g. insulin
-neuro transmission
-inflammation response
-protein synthesis in plants

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13
Q

hydrogen carbonate

A

HCO3-

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14
Q

role of hydrogen carbonate

A

-involved in regulation of blood PH
-involved in transport of carbon dioxide into and out of blood
-Kidney health (regulate bicarbonate levels)

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15
Q

chloride

A

CL-

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16
Q

role of chloride

A

-electrolyte balance
-transport of other ions (facilitate transport of ions across cell)
-maintain PH in red blood cells

17
Q

phosphate

A

PO4^3-

18
Q

role of phosphate

A

-nucleotide structure (essential for genetic info storage and transfer)
-energy transfer (Adenosine triphosphate ATP)
-PH regulation

19
Q

hydroxide

A

OH-

20
Q

role of hydroxide

A

-vital role in bonding between biochemical molecules
-electronegative charge of oxygen allows for formation of hydrogen bonds which play important roles in DNA base pairing

Bio-chem (12 decks)

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