Notifiable and significant exotic diseases of pigs Flashcards
What vesicular diseases are notifiable in pigs?
- FMD
- Swine vesicular disease
- Vesicular stomatitis
- Vesicular exanthema
- Seneca valley A virus
What haemorrhagic diseases are notifiable in pigs?
- Classical swine fever
- African swine fever
What are other notifiable diseases in pigs?
- Teschen disease
- Porcine epidemic diarrhoea
- Aujeszky’s disease
- Brucella suis
- Anthrax
- Rabies
When would you suspect a notifiable disease?
- Clinical signs
- Pathological signs
- Epidemiological picture
- Disease affecting all or many different age groups that cannot be distinguished from known diseases
- Circumstances of the animal e.g. pet pigs at risk from table scraps
What causes Foot + mouth disease?
- Picornavirus
What is the incubation period of FMD? What does it depend on?
- 2-14days
- Depends on
- dose of virus to animal
- strain of virus
- route of infection
How is FMD spread?
- present in fluid inside blisters, saliva, urine, dung, milk + exhaled air
- Spready by direct contact + aerosol / feed
What are clinical signs of FMD?
- Pyrexia
- Sudden lameness
- Formation of vesicles - feet
- Reluctance to feed
- Abortion / sudden death in piglets
What are Ddx for FMD?
- Other vesicular diseases
- Chemical agents - differentiated by absence of vesicular lesions + high fever
- Trauma - differentiated by absence of vesicular lesions + high fever
What is African swine fever?
- Viral haemorrhagic disease
- DNA virus
- Asfarviridae family
How is ASF spread?
- Direct
- Indirect
- Tick - ornithodorus
NO VACCINE
What is the incubation period of ASF?
- 3-19days
What are clinical signs of Acute ASF?
- Death within a few days, mortality can reach 100%
- Pyrexia (>40.5°C)
- Anorexia, apathy, incoordination
- Vomiting and diarrhoea (maybe bloody)
- Respiratory signs, conjunctivitis
- Cyanosis of the extremities
- Abortion
- No age dependency
- Early leucopoenia and thrombocytopenia (48–72 hours)
What are clinical signs of subacute ASF?
- Less intense signs; slight fever, reduced appetite and depression
- Abortion in pregnant sows
- Mortality rate is lower (e.g. 30–70%, varies)
What are clinical signs of chronic ASF?
- Various signs: loss of weight, irregular peaks of temperature, respiratory signs, necrosis in areas of skin, chronic skin ulcers, arthritis.
- Develops over months
- Low mortality and a small number of survivors may become carriers for life
What is classical swine fever?
Hog cholera
* Pestivirus
How is CSF transmitted?
- Oral
- MM
- Skin abrasions
- Aerosols
- Fomites
- Carrier animal
What are clinical signs of CSF?
Similar to ASF - lower mortality
What are Ddx for CSF?
- ASF
- Septicaemias - salmonellosis, erysipelas, pasteurellosis, haemophillus
- PDNS
- Other causes of abortion - PRRSV, parvovirus, Aujeszky
- Runting - PMWS, campylobacteriosis, swine dysentery
What does PED cause?
- Profuse watery scour + vomiting
- High mortality below 3weeks - otherwise self limiting
What is teschen disease?
- Enterovirus causing polioencephalomyelitis
- High fever, incoordination, inappetence, tremors, convulsions, death
What is Aujeszky’s disease?
- Herpes virus
- Kills farm dogs+cats
Adults
* Abortion storms, mummification
* Mild pyrexia, anorexia, vomiting
Piglets from 3 days up to weaning
* V + D progressing to nervous signs with pyrexia (incoordination, dog siting,
muscle tremor, opistotonus, convulsions)
* Mortality reduces with age
Weaners and growers
* Pyrexia, incoordination progressing to dog siting , convulsions and death
* Pneumonia
