Goat medicine and surgery Flashcards
What antibiotics are licenced for use in goats?
- Enrofloxacin
- Thiamphenicol spray
What anthelmintic are licenced for use in goats?
- Eprinomectin
What hormones are licenced for use in goats?
- Oxytocin
What vaccines are licenced for use in goats?
- Rabies
- Johne’s
- S aureus
- C burnetii
What are normal TPR in goats?
- Temp = 38,7 - 40.7*C
- HR = adults - 70-120
-kids up to 1m/o = <200
-kids 1-6m/o = <140 - RR = Adults = 15-30
-kids = 20-40
What is normal rumen activity in goats?
- 3-4 contractions in 2 mins
What clostridial disease are of high risk in goats?
- Enterotoxaemia - C. perfringes type D
- Tetanus - C. tetani
What are clinical signs of enterotoxaemia?
- Per-acute = rapid death / found dead
- Sub-acute = profuse diarrhoea +/- dysentery
How is enterotoxaemia treated?
- Fluid therapy (electrolytes)
- NSAID
- Charcoal / bismuth
- TLC
How is enterotoxaemia controlled?
- Minimise stress
- No sudden changes in diet
- Vaccination - Lambivac
What are clinical signs of Caprine arthritis encephalitis?
Tx?
Control?
Unspecific
* Arthritis
* Encephalitis (in young kids)
* Mastitis
* Weight loss
- No Tx, no Vaccine
- Test + Cull
- Avoid pooled milk
How is listeriosis diagnosed?
- Clinical signs - encephalitis, septicaemia, sudden death + abortion
- Post mortem
- Serology
What is treatment of listeriosis?
- Antibiotic - penicillin + oxytet can cross blood brain barrier
- NSAID
- IVFT (alkaline)
What are notifiable diseases of goats in the UK?
- bTB
- Bluetongue
- CAE
- Maedi-visna
- Scrapie
What causes weightloss / poor BCS in goats?
- Lameness
- Bullying
- Nutrition
- Dental disease
- Neoplasia
- CAE
- Johnes
- Scrapie
- bTB
- Endoparasites
What respiratory problems are seen in goats?
- Pasteurellosis
- CAE
- Mycoplasmosis
- Lungworm - dicyocaulus, muellerius
- bovine TB
What can cause anaemia in goats?
- Haemolysis / haemorrhage
- Endoparasites - haemonchus, fluke, cocci
- Lice
- Blood parasites - babesia
- Chronic inflammatory disease / severe liver disease
- Afibrinogenaemia - factor I deficiency in Saanen
What are common foot problems of goats?
- Scald
- Footrot
- Treponeme - associated
- White-line disease
- Pedal joint abscess
*Digit amputation well tolerated
What are clinical signs of endoparasites?
Why are they more of a problem?
- Weight loss, poor growth
- Anaemia
- Severe diarrhoea, dehydration, protein loss + death
- decreased milk yield
*Problem as goats don’t develop any immunity
What is pygmy goat syndrome? (seborrheic dermatitis?
How is it treated?
- primary / secondary keratinisation disorder
= hair loss + skin flaking / crusting around eyes, lips, ears, chin, ventrally + perineum - Tx = topical steroid +/- antibiotic / antiseptic
What are udder problems in goats?
- Teat biting - remove biter
- Udder impetigo - staphylococcal
- Udder enlargement - Tx = mastectomy
Why are pet goats at more risk of neoplasia?
- Reach higher age = more risk
What are complications of c-sections?
- Retained foetal membranes
- Endometritis
- Fever
- Seroma / wound breakdown
- Peritonitis
What is floppy kid disease?
- Affects biggest + healthiest kid
*No diarrhoea, no dehydration - 3days to 21 days of age
- Incoordination, difficulty feeding + recumbency
What is treatment of floppy kid disease?
- Bicarbonate, electrolytes + nursing
What is sticky kid disease?
- Hereditary (Golden Guernsey)
- Male > Female
- Remain damp after birth
- No Tx
What is dose rates of local in goats?
- Lower than sheep / cows
- Lidocaine <6mg/kg
- Bupivicaine <2mg/kg
What would you use to sedate / induce a goat?
- Xylazine
- +/- butorphanol
- Reversal = Atipamezole - slow IV
With operations what needs to be checked with goats?
- Tetanus cover
What can be used for analgesia in goats?
- Fentanyl patch
- Butorphanol
- Buprenorphine
- Meloxicam
What local block should be done when dehorning?
- Cornual branch of lacrimal nerve
- Cornual branch of infratrochlear nerve
What can be used for temporary castration?
- Anti-GnRH vaccine
- Belly apron
What are key difference of disbudding kids to calves?
- Thinner skull
- Wider base
- Do them younger
- Less anaesthetic needed
- nerve blocks needed
What causes increased risk of urolithiasis?
- Pet goats - concentrates
- Poor water quality
