Nitroimidazoles

Question 1

what is the distribution of Nitroimidazoles?

Answer 1

well distributed to all tissues including the brain

Question 2

how are nitroimidazoles metabolized?

Answer 2

majority hepatic: lower dose with liver dysfunction

Question 3

true/false: nitroimidazoles disrupt ruminal flora

Answer 3

true

Question 4

which bacteria (broad) are resistant to nitroimidazoles?

Answer 4

those in aerobic conditions: possess necessary reduction system

Question 5

cross-resistance between nitroimidazoles is _________________

Answer 5

complete

Question 6

what is one common nitroimidazole?

Answer 6

metronidazole (HL, flagyl)

Question 7

which bacteria (broad) are susceptible to nitroimidazoles?

Answer 7

obligate anaerobic bacteria

Question 8

what is an important adverse effect of nitroimidazoless?

Answer 8

neurologic disturbances: ataxia, nystagmus, seizures, tremors, weakness
with high dosage in cats, dogs, horses

Question 9

what is important for nitroimidazoles in food animals?

Answer 9

all nitroimidazoles are banned from use in food animals

Question 10

what is the absorption of nitroimidazoles?

Answer 10

good in most nonruminants
disrupts ruminal flora

Question 11

are nitroimidazoles bacteriostatic or bactericidal?

Answer 11

bactericidal

Question 12

can nitroimidazoles be used in hindgut fermenters?

Answer 12

yes
despite anaerobic spectrum

Question 13

are nitroimidazoles antiprotozoal?

Answer 13

yes- giardia

Question 14

what is the portosystemic shunt dose of nitroimidazoles for encephalopathy?

Answer 14

7mg/kg per 12 hours

Question 15

are the neurological disturbances caused by nitroimidazoles linked to high doses?

Answer 15

yes