Lincosamides Flashcards
what are the physicochemical properties of lincosamides?
lipid soluble
basic compounds
what is the distribution of lincosamides?
concentrate intracellularly and widely distributed
do lincosamides ever cross the blood brain barrier?
inflammation
clindamycin is used to treat toxoplasmosis
what is the mechanism of action of lincosamides?
inhibition of protein synthesis at 50S ribosomal subunit
why are gram negative bacteria resistant to lincosamides?
impermeable cell membranes and incompatible binding sites
what are some common agents of lincosamides?
lincomycin
clindamycin
what is a lincosamide that is an intramammary dairy cattle product?
pirlimycin
is clindamycin effective against anaerobes and B. fragilis?
yes
what is the four quadrant coverage of clindamycin?
E. coli: -
Staphylococcus: +
Streptococcus: +
anaerobe: +
who can we not use lincosamides in?
horses
rabbits
hamsters
guinea pigs
what do most adverse effects of lincosamides relate to?
gastrointestinal tract
what is a possible adverse effect of lincosamides in cats?
esophageal strictures
where do lincosamides concentrate?
tissues
lung
prostate
milk
macrophages
why is clindamycin used to treat toxoplasmosis?
lincosamides cross blood brain barrier with inflammation
are lincosamides bacteriostatic or bactericidal?
bacteriostatic
what group of bacteria are resistant to lincosamides?
gram negative
is there cross-resistance between lincosamides?
yes, complete
also often cross-resistance with macrolides
are lincosamides time-dependent or concentration-dependent?
time: recommended that it be above MIC for entire interval
what microbes is clindamycin effective against?
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
anaerobe
B. fragilis
Toxoplasmosis
Mycoplasma
can you use any lincosamides in any hindgut fermenters?
no
