Antiprotozoals Flashcards
what are some coccidiocides?
sulfonamides: primarily sulfadimethoxine (albon) or sulfaquinoxaline
what are some coccidiostats?
ionophores: cattle, poultry, small ruminants
what is the primary toxicity of ionophore toxicity?
severe muscle damage, including cardiac muscle
who is the most sensitive to ionophore toxicity?
horses
who is relatively resistant to ionophore toxicity?
cattle and poultry
what is a coccidiostat used for extra-label use in puppies and kittens?
ponazuril (marquis)
what drugs are used to treat toxoplasmosis?
clindamycin
pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine (or TMS)
what are the treatments for equine protozoal myelitis?
pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine (ReBalance)
ponazuril (marquis)
diclazuril (protazil)
what drugs are used to treat giardiasis?
fenbendazole
metronidazole
can we use nitroimidazoles extralabelly in food animals?
no
what is ronidazole used for?
cats with trichomonad diarrhea
unapproved, must be compounded
what is used to treat babesiosis?
imidocarb diproprionate: carbamate, potential for cholinergic side effects: consider atropine pretreatment
______________, a human anti-malarial drug, and ______________, has been shown to eliminate the carrier state for Babesia gibsoni
atovaquone
azithromycin
what is the treatment for canine hepatozoonosis?
simultaneous use of the following:
potentiated sulfonamide
clindamycin
pyrimethamine
how can we treat H. canis?
imidocarb can clear parasitemia
what is the treatment for feline cytauxzoon?
atovaquone and azithromycin
how sensitive to ionophore toxicity are swine and small animals?
intermediate
what is the efficacy of the treatments for equine protozoal myelitis?
about 50%
what are the treatments for trichomonal infections?
ronidazole: unapproved
metronidazole
carnidazole: pigeons
what can be used to treat cats with trichomonad diarrhea?
ronidazole
must be compounded, bad taste
risk of CNS side effects
how effective is imidocarb diproprionate against Babesia canis?
effective
what should you consider for the potential side effects of imidocarb diproprionate?
atropine pretreatment
what can follow treatment of canine hepatozoonosis with potentiated sulfonamide/clindamycin/pyrimethamine?
decoquinate
what can you treat cytauzoon with?
atovaquone and azithromycin
cats and dogs
