Nitrogen

Question 1

Glutamate

Answer 1

Only amino acid that can obtain nitrogen directly from ammonia (NH4)

Question 2

Transamination

Answer 2

transfers an amino group to a ketoacid to form new amino acids

Question 3

a-ketoglutarate is the ketoacid that accepts an____ from_____ to form____ from_____

Answer 3

amino group from glutamate to form Aspartate from Oxaloacetate

Question 4

All aminotransferases rely on___

Answer 4

pyridoxal phosphate cofactor

Question 5

Dietary amino acids are degraded with what enzymes

Answer 5

Pepsin
Trypsin and Chymotrypsin
Aminopeptidase

Question 6

Pepsin

Answer 6

Stomach

Question 7

Trypsin and Chymotrypsin

Answer 7

Smaller peptides in small intestine

Question 8

Aminopeptidase

Answer 8

Amino acids in small intestine

Question 9

Proteins are broken down for what purpose

Answer 9

supply amino acids for catabolism when carbohydrates are in short supply
Misfolded, foreign
Left over amino acids

Question 10

___ amino acids enter metabolic pathways through only ___ intermediate compounds

Answer 10

20 and 6

Question 11

First nitrogen acquiring reaction is catalysed by

Answer 11

Carbonyl phosphate synthase

Question 12

What is the second nitrogen acquiring reaction

Answer 12

Aspartate entering the urea cycle

Question 13

Defects in metabolic pathways can cause ___ inherited disorders

Answer 13

6

Carbamyl Phosphate Synthetase

N-Acetylglutamate Synthetase

Ornithine Transcarbamylase

Argininosuccinic Acid Synthetase (Citrullinemia)

Argininosuccinate Lyase (Argininosuccinic Aciduria)

Arginase

Question 14

Phenylketnuria (PKU)

Answer 14

caused by deficiency in Phenylalanine Hydroxylase
Autosomal recessive
Increase in ketones
Cross BBB- neurological disorders

Question 15

Enzyme involved with formation of Carbomyl Phosphate from NH4+

Answer 15

Carbomyl Phosphate synthase

Question 16

How many ATPs does Carbomy Phosphate Synthase use

Answer 16

2

Question 17

Glutamate Dehydrogenase

Answer 17

Glutamate to NH4+

Question 18

Carbomyl Phosphate + Ortnthine is catalysed by

Answer 18

Ornithine Trans-Carbomylase

Question 19

Carbomyl Phosphate + Ortnthine occurs in the ____ and forms_____

Answer 19

Mitochondria and Citrulline

Question 20

Citrulline + _____ =

Answer 20

Arginosuccinate

Question 21

Formation of Arginosuccinate is catalysed by and requires

Answer 21

Arginosuccinate synthase and 1 ATP

Question 22

Arginosuccinate to Arginine

Answer 22

Catalysed by Arginosuccinase and produces fumerate

Question 23

Fumerate can be_____

Answer 23

Converted back to Oxaloacetate via Malate

Question 24

Arginine to Ornthine

Answer 24

Arginase

Urea is released to Kidneys

Question 25

NH2

Answer 25

Amide

Question 26

What organ does the urea cycle take place

Answer 26

Mostly liver and partially kidneys