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A & P 2 > New Stuff > Flashcards

New Stuff Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of tissue makes up the middle of the digestive tract (stomach area)

A

Simple columnar

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2
Q

What is the role of accessory organs in the digestive system?

A

Produces digestive enzymes

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3
Q

What parts of the digestive system are retroperitoneal?

A

Duodenum, pancreas, parts of the small intestine

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4
Q

What type if tissue in the mouth helps resist stress but isn’t good for absorption?

A

Stratified squamous

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5
Q

What substance neutralizes stomach acidity when chyme enters the small intestine?

A

Sodium bicarbonate

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6
Q

What is the purpose of gastric rugae in the stomach?

A

Increases the stomach’s ability to expand

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7
Q

Where in the small intestine does the majority of nutrient absorption occur?

A

Jejunum

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8
Q

What plexus regulates motility?

A

Myenteric plexus

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9
Q

What is the significance of the hepatic portal system?

A

Delivers nutrient-rich blood from the GI tract to the liver

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10
Q

What type of tissue lines thr esophagus?

A

Stratified squamous

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11
Q

What area of the small intestine is used mainly for fat emulsification?

A

Duodenum

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12
Q

Basement membrane, podocytes and endothelial cells make up the _________

A

Glomerular filtration barrier

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13
Q

Epithelial tissue is the mouth/esophagus and why

A

Stratified squamous because of stress

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14
Q

Stomach tissue and why

A

Simple columnar because mucus secretion

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15
Q

Small and large intestine tissue and why?

A

Simple columnar with microvilli bc absorption and increased space

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16
Q

The ______ of the GI tract is made up of the epithelium, the lamina proparia and the muscularis mucosae

A

Mucosa

17
Q

The ______ of the GI tract is made of connective tissue and the the submucosal plexus

A

Submucosa

18
Q

The ______ of the GI tract is made up of smooth muscle layers and the myenteric plexus.

A

Muscularis externa

19
Q

The _______ is made up of the serosa and the adventitia.

A

Serosa

20
Q

What do the the portions of the GI tract all have in common in terms of layers?

A

Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa

21
Q

The ________ sphincter prevents the stomach contents, including acid from flowing back into the esophagus

A

Esophageal or lower esophageal or cardiac

22
Q

The ______ sphincter controls the release of bile and pancreatic juices into the duodenum

A

Hepatopancreatic

23
Q

The _______ sphincter regulates the flow of chyme from the stomach into the small intestine

A

Pyloric

24
Q

The _______ stores and concentrates bile and is under the liver.

A

Gallbladder

25
Q

What do lacteals do?

A

Absorb fats

26
Q

Phases of ovulation

A

Follicular Phase - GnRH stimulates pituitary gland GI produce FSH
Ovulation - surge in LH
Luteal Phase - ruptured follicle turns to corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone, preparing for pregnancy

27
Q

What do acini cells in the pancreas do?

A

Secrete lipase, amylase and protease

28
Q

Why is the peristalsis in the large intestine?

A

Waste material propelled towards the rectum

29
Q

What is the peristalsis in the esophagus?

A

Food is moved from the mouth to the stomach during swallowing

30
Q

________ is a specialized part of the circulatory system that transports nutrient-rich blood from the digestive organs to the liver for processing before it enters the general circulation

A

Hepatic portal circulation

31
Q

The ———— supplies oxygenated blood to the kidneys

A

Renal artery

32
Q

What supplies blood to the glomerulus?

A

Afferent arterioles

33
Q

What carries blood away from the glomerulus?

A

Efferent arteriole

34
Q

What helps with reabsorption of water and solutes back into the blood?

A

Peritubular capillaries

35
Q

The bowman’s capsule, glomerulus, pct, loop of henle, Duct and collecting duct make up the ————

A

Nephron

36
Q

——— cells produce testosterone

A

Leydig

37
Q

——- cells support spermatogenesis and secrete inhibin

A

Sertoli/nurse

38
Q

The ——- layer of the uterine lining acts a protective layer and lubricates

A

Perimetrium

A & P 2 (12 decks)

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