Neurotransmitters 2 Flashcards
What are catecholines?
number of neurotransmitters such as adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine.
Where is Ach distributed?
widely. e.g. Hippocampus, basal forebrain, neuromuscular junctions, autonomic nerves
WHat is Ach in association with?
memory/coordination/sleep/mood/aggression
How s Ach made?
AcetylcoA+choline —> Ach + CoA
What enzyme forms Ach?
Choline acetyltransferase
What enzyme breaks down Ach?
Acetylcholine esterase
What blocks Ach muscurinic receptors?
Atropine (ANTAGONIST)
What blocks Ach nicotinic receptors?
curane and a-bungarotoxin
where is dopamine produced?
substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area
WHat is the process of catecholamines synthesis?
Tyrosine, dopa, dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine.
What converts tyrosine to dopa?
tyrosine hydroxylase
What converts dopa to dopamine?
dopa decarboxylase
What is the pathology of parkinsons?
diminished substantia nigra (less dopamine)
Is there sensory loss in parkinsons?
No- motor component loss
Give some symptoms of parkinsons
shufflinf gait, tremor, rigidity.
in Parkinsons, where does inhibition in motor function come from?
the striatum
What can be used to treat parkinsons?
L-dopa,
cocaine (blocks reuptake of dopamine)
amphetamine
What may induce parkinsons?
Antiphyscotic drugsthat act on DA receptors
used to treat schizophrenia
WHat is the principle site for noradrenaline?
locus coerulus (in PONs)
Where is serotonin synthesised ?
Neurons clustered together in brain stem - RAPHE NUCLEI
give some functions of serotonin
Arousal/consciousness
circadium rhythms
mood
What can be used to treat depression?
serontonin reuptake inhibitors - tricyclics
MAO-A inhibitors prevents serotonin breakdown
