Neurotransmitter Flashcards
Compare amino acid and peptide NTs
Amino acids are smaller than peptide NTs and are stored in synaptic vesicles, but Peptide NTs are stored in secretory granules.
Amino acids activate both ligand-gated channel receptors and G coupled receptors , wheras peptide NTs only activate G coupled receptors.
Whats is Dales principle?
a single neuron has only one neurotransmitter but peptide containing neurons have both peptide and amino acid neurotransmitters.
Where are Ach, GABA and amines synthesised?
locally at axon terminal by specific enzymes
What is glutamate?
Most common excitatory neurotransmitter in CNS
What receptors does glutamate bind to?
natural(NMDA) and artificial(AMPA)(FAST)
what enzyme converts glutamate to GABA?
GAD (glutamic acid decarboxylase)
WHat is GABA
most common inhibitory NT.
What does GABA produce ?
IPSP via GABA gated chloride channels
Where is GABA found?
especially in cortex and striatum
What happens if GABA levels are not correct
too high - coma
too low-siezures
What is disinhibition
inhibiting inhibition
Name 3 opiate receptors
Mu, Kappa, Sigma
what does periaqueductal grey do?
regulate pain
What does frontal cortex do?
it has cognitive aspects
What type are opiate receptors?
G-coupled
