Divisions of NS

Question 1

Give 3 main structures/nervous systems

Answer 1

Central NS, Peripheral NS, Enteric NS(gut)

Question 2

Name structures of nerves from inner most to outer

Answer 2

Axon, myelin, endoneurium, perineurium, epineurium.
Perineurium bundles multiple axons into fascicles.
Epineurium encloses fascicles and blood vessels.

Question 3

What is contained within a nerve?

Answer 3

Axons but no dendrites. No neuronal cell bodies. (only schwaan cells)

Question 4

How many pairs of nerves are in PNS?

Answer 4

43

Question 5

How many spinal nerves are mixed?

Answer 5

ALL SPINAL NERVES ARE MIXED. ( contain both sensory and motor neurons )

Question 6

What cells does enteric NS contain?

Answer 6

neural cells of viscera

Question 7

What are cranial nerves and how many are there?

Answer 7

Peripheral nerves of brain. 12 pairs. e.g.optic auditory

Question 8

where do cranial nevres 1 and 2 form from?

Answer 8

forebrain

Question 9

Where do cranial nerves 3-12 from from?

Answer 9

brainstem

Question 10

WHat is nerve 10?

Answer 10

vagus nerve. 80% PNS outflow

Question 11

What are dermatones?

Answer 11

Patterns of innervations of spinal nerves. relatively reproducible between individuals.

Question 12

How many spinal nerves are there?

Answer 12

31 pairs. (5 sets)

Question 13

What are the divisions of the PNS?

Answer 13

afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor). Somatic (conscious) and visceral (subconscious)(autonomic)

Question 14

What are the differences between somatic and autonomic axons?

Answer 14

SOmatic motor axons go straight to muscle. Autonomic motor axons connect with another cell in ganglion (which then innervates muscle/gland)

Question 15

What is the differences between pre, and post-ganglionic axons?

Answer 15

Pre-ganglionic-myelinated

Post-ganglionic- not myelinated.

Question 16

What is the different between parasympathetic and sympathetic ganglia/fibres?

Answer 16

Sympathetic ganglia are near spinal chord, parasympathetic ganglia are near target. Sympathetic pre-ganglionic fibres are short, parasympathetic pre-ganglionic fibres are long.

Question 17

What receptors do parasymp and symp use?

Answer 17

Both parasymp and symp pre-ganglionic use acetylcholine and N2 receptors.
Symp post-ganglionic receptors are adrenergic (except sweat glands)
Parasymp post-ganglionic are cholinergic.

Question 18

What do 2 cerebral hemispheres do?

Answer 18

Right - receives sensations and controls movement from left side of body.
Left- receives sensations and controls movement from right side of body.

Question 19

What does cerebellum sides do?

Answer 19

Motor movement control centre
Right-concerned with right side of body
left-concerned with left side of body

Question 20

What tissues does visceral CNS work on?

Answer 20

Smooth muscle, gland and cardiac muscle

Question 21

What does adrenergic mean?

Answer 21

work on adrenaline or noradrenaline (epinephrine and norepinephrine)

Question 22

What do dorsal and ventral root contain?

Answer 22

dorsal- axons carrying info to spinal cord,

ventral- axons carrying info away from spinal cord.