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neuroscience > eyes and retina > Flashcards

eyes and retina Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 layers of the eye? (from outermost inwards)

A

Tunica fibrosa, tunica vasculosa, tunica interna

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2
Q

What are the 2 parts in the tunica fibrosa?

A

sclera and cornea (transparent by lens)

contains collagen

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3
Q

What 2 parts are in the tunica interna?

A

retina and optic nerve

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4
Q

What 3 parts are in the tunica vasculosa?

A

choroid, ciliary body and iris

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5
Q

What is in the ciliary body?

A

ciliary muscle and ciliary epithelium

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6
Q

What secretes/produces aqueous humour?

A

Ciliary epithelium

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7
Q

What are the 2 humours in the eye and where are they?

A

Aqueous humour - between cornea and lens

Vitreous humour- in eyeball between lens and retina

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8
Q

What happens if pressure changes in the eye?

A

If increases-glaucoma (slow uptake of AH)

If decreases - cataracts (cloudy lens)

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9
Q

Where is light focussed?

A

on the retina - dioptric apparatus

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10
Q

What absorbs aqueous humour?

A

canal of schlemm

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11
Q

What is lens tensioned by?

A

intraoccular pressure

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12
Q

What does the iris do?

A

regulate light levels

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13
Q

What muscle causes pupil contrcition?

A

smooth circular muscle

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14
Q

What muscle causes pupil dilation?

A

smooth radial muscle

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15
Q

What is photopupillary reflex?

A

reflex that controls the diameter of the pupil, in response to the intensity of light and changes with distance. (occurs in both eyes, even if one is stimulated)

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16
Q

What is the edinger westphal nucelus?

A

parasympathetic pre-ganglionic nucleus that innervates the iris sphincter muscle and the ciliary.
lens accommodation
convergance
muscle.CONSTRICTION

17
Q

What is the 3rd cranial nerve?

A

Occulomotor nerve

18
Q

What happens if edinger westphal nucleus is damaged?

A

leads to dilation

19
Q

What is emmetropia?

A

eye is relaxed and focused on an object more than 6 meters away.

20
Q

What is miosis?

A

excessive contriction of eye

21
Q

What is convergance?

A

when eyes move inwards (cross eyed)

22
Q

What is lens accoommodation?

A

reflex action of the eye, in response to focusing on a near object, then looking at distant object

23
Q

What is tapetum lucidum?

A

reflective layer in nocturnal animals eyes

neuroscience (21 decks)

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