neuronal signalling in the context of CNS disorders Flashcards
what does the axon do
transmits information between cell body and axon terminals
what does the cell body do
receives inputs (e.g. from sense organs, other neurones) and encodes these inputs
what does the axon terminal do
serves as the output sends signals to other neurones, muscles and other effectors ( exocrine organs etc).
what is electrical signalling along a neuron
the action potential transmitted along the neuron
what is chemical singalling across the neuron
transmission of neurotransmitters
what makes up the resting membrane potential
- Na+ (and CI-) are outisde
-K+ (and A-) are concentrated inside
-ionic charge between isndie and outisde is unequal
inside is more negative than outside
what allows the neurons to alter their membrane potentia and propogate action potentials along an axon
voltage-gated ion channels
what does myelin sheath do
- insulates the axon to prevent AP from leaking
2. allows faster transmission of signal via nodes of ranvier
where are neurotransmitters stored when the presynaptic neuron is at rest
in synaptic vesicles
what are the 3 criterias that must be met to be identified as a neurotransmitter
- must be localised i.e. lives in that neuron
- must be released i.e. able to release it from the termianl upon activation
- must be identified i.e. has same identity as other neurotransmitters from that same neuron (so has same effect as them)