neuronal signalling in the context of CNS disorders Flashcards

1
Q

what does the axon do

A

transmits information between cell body and axon terminals

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2
Q

what does the cell body do

A

receives inputs (e.g. from sense organs, other neurones) and encodes these inputs

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3
Q

what does the axon terminal do

A

serves as the output sends signals to other neurones, muscles and other effectors ( exocrine organs etc).

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4
Q

what is electrical signalling along a neuron

A

the action potential transmitted along the neuron

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5
Q

what is chemical singalling across the neuron

A

transmission of neurotransmitters

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6
Q

what makes up the resting membrane potential

A
  • Na+ (and CI-) are outisde
    -K+ (and A-) are concentrated inside
    -ionic charge between isndie and outisde is unequal
    inside is more negative than outside
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7
Q

what allows the neurons to alter their membrane potentia and propogate action potentials along an axon

A

voltage-gated ion channels

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8
Q

what does myelin sheath do

A
  1. insulates the axon to prevent AP from leaking

2. allows faster transmission of signal via nodes of ranvier

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9
Q

where are neurotransmitters stored when the presynaptic neuron is at rest

A

in synaptic vesicles

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10
Q

what are the 3 criterias that must be met to be identified as a neurotransmitter

A
  1. must be localised i.e. lives in that neuron
  2. must be released i.e. able to release it from the termianl upon activation
  3. must be identified i.e. has same identity as other neurotransmitters from that same neuron (so has same effect as them)
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