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BIO 365 > neuron function part 4 > Flashcards

neuron function part 4 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are gap junction?

A

specialized protein complexes that create an aqueous pore between adjacent cells

move ions between cells

changes in membrane potential

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2
Q

the quality of vesicle exocytosis is correlated with what?

A

strongly correlated with quantal transmitter released

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3
Q

what does the influx of ca trigger?

A

transmitter release through vesicle fusion

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4
Q

What is synaptotagmin?

A

A protein found tn membrane synaptic vesicles, binds to calcium at concentrations similar to those triggering vesicle fusion

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5
Q

When ca changes the chemical properties of synaptotagmin it allows what?

A

allows the protein to bind to SNARE proteins, syntaxin and SNAP-25, bringing the two membranes closer then fusion

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6
Q

what do inhibitory NT’s do?

A

Cause hyperpolarization of membrane

IPSP

makes postsynaptic cell less likely to generate AP

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7
Q

What does a excitatory NT do?

A

causes depolarization to membrane

EPSP

makes presynaptic cell more likely to generate AP

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8
Q

Ligand gated ion channels:

Glutamate receptors cause what?

A

Depolarization

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9
Q

Ligand gated ion channels:

GABA receptos and glycine receptors cause what>

A

Hyperpolarization

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10
Q

Ligand gated ion channels:

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors cause what?

A

Depolarization

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11
Q

5-HT3, P2x receptors cause what?

A

depolarization

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12
Q

What are characteristics of G protein coupled receptors? (6)

A

Metabotropic receptors

receptors change shape

formation of second messanger

alters opening of ion channel

slow

may lead to long term changes via other cellular functions

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13
Q

Integration of postsynaptic potentials:

What is spatial summation?

A

Posysynaptic potentials from different sites infulence the net change in membrane potential

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14
Q

Integration of postsynaptic potentials:

Temporal summation

A

postsynaptic potentials that occur at slightly different times influence net charge in membrane potential

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15
Q

Strength of synaptic transmission:

response of postsynaptic cell is influenced by what?

A

amount of NT’s in synapse and number of receptors

rate of release/removal

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16
Q

Strength of synaptic transmission:

rate of release/removal

A

determined by frequency of AP’s

removal determined by

  • passive diffusion out of synapse
  • degradation by synaptic enzymes
  • uptake by surrounding cells

number of receptors
-density of receptors on posysynaptic cell

17
Q

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors:

how many ligands required to open?

A

2

18
Q

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors:

what do the cation channels do?

A

Fluxes na, ca, K

19
Q

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors:

what are 4chara cteristics?

A
  • reversal potential close to 0Mv

excitatory- depolarizes the membrane potential

goes from resting (closed) to activated (open) to desensitized (closed) state

20
Q

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors:

what hydrolyses ACH to make response brief?

A

acetylcholinesterase

21
Q

Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors:

What do AMPA and Kainate require to open?

A

Glutamate binding to open - Flux Na, K

22
Q

Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors:

What do NMDA receptors require?

A

Membrane depolarization to relieve Mg2 block and Glutamate and glycine to open

23
Q

Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors:

Flux what?

A

na, K and Ca

NMDA highly ca permeable

reversal potentiall of glutamate close to 0

activation depolarizes the membrane potential

excitatory

24
Q

Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors:

what clears glutamate from synaptic cleft?

A

glutamate transporters

25
Q

GABA
receptors:

cause an influx of what?

A

influx of CL

26
Q

GABA
receptors:

similar structure to what>

A

nicotinic receptors- pentameric

27
Q

GABA
receptors:

what is the reversal potential>

A

Nerst potential of Cl -99mV

28
Q

GABA
receptors:

Activity does what>

A

hyperpolarizes the membrane potential

29
Q

GABA
receptors:

its effect on PSP

A

inhibitory

30
Q

GABA
receptors:

what Clears GABA from Synaptic cleft?

A

GABA transporters

BIO 365 (28 decks)

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