Neurology Week 2 Basic Questions

Question 1

Which are the most numerous cells in the nervous system?

Answer 1

Astrocytes

Question 2

Opening of which channel causes the upstroke of the action potential? Which way is the flow?

Answer 2

Sodium flows inwards causing depolarization

Question 3

Opening of which channel causes the downstroke of the action potential? Which way is the flow?

Answer 3

Pottassium flows outwards causing hyperpolarization

Question 4

Are depolarizing responses excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 4

Excitatory

Question 5

Are hyperpolarizing responses excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 5

Inhibitory

Question 6

What kind of substances are glutamate, GABA and Glycine?

Answer 6

Amino Acids

Question 7

What kind of substances are Acteylcholine, Dopamine, Histamine, Noradrenaline and Serotonin?

Answer 7

Amines

Question 8

Which mediates fast transmisson; Ionotropic ligand gated ion channels or G protein coupled receptors?

Answer 8

Ionotropic ligand gated ion channels

Question 9

What channel does the GABAa receptor operate?

Answer 9

Chlorine (Then a pottassium channel)

Question 10

How do Benzodiazepines work?

Answer 10

Positive modulator of GABAa so enhance calcium entry and enhance inhibition

Question 11

How does Baclofen work?

Answer 11

Agonist of the GABAb receptor and enhances the pottassium current, increasing inhibition

Question 12

What is meant by an excitatory neurone?

Answer 12

A neurone that releases a depolarizing neurotransmitter

Question 13

What is meant by an inhibitory neurone?

Answer 13

A neurone that releases a hyperpolarizing neurotransmitter

Question 14

What is a quanta?

Answer 14

The release of neurotransmitter from a single vesicle