Cranial nerves Flashcards
What are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve?
V1 - Opthalmic
V2 - Maxillary
V3 -Mandibular
Which is the only branch of the trigeminal nerve to have a motor component?
Mandibular (V3)
What part of the brain does the trigeminal nerve attach to?
Pons
What formania does CN V1 leave the skull via?
Superior orbital fissure
What formania does CN V2 leave the skull via?
Foramen rotundum
What formania does CN V3 nleave the skull via?
Foramen ovale
What does CN V1 supply?
Sensory input to
- the upper eyelid
- the cornea
- Conjunctiva
- Skin of the root/tip/bridge of the nose
What does CN V2 supply?
Sensory input to
- Skin of the lower eyelid
- Skin over maxilla
- Skin of the ala of the nose
- Skin/mucosa of the upper lip
What does CN V3 supply? (sensory only)
- Skin over TMJ (NOT the angle of the mandible)
What nerve supplies the skin over the angle of the mandible and some of the external ear?
Great auricular nerve(C2, 3)
What is the great auricular nerve a sensory branch of?
The cervical plexus
What is the deep sensory territory of CN V1?
- bones & soft tissues of the orbit (except the orbital floor & lower eyelid)
- the upper anterior nasal cavity
- all paranasal sinuses (except the antrum)
- the anterior & posterior cranial fossae
What is the deep sensory territory of CN V2?
- the lower posterior nasal cavity
- the maxilla & maxillary sinus (antrum)
- the floor of the nasal cavity/palate
- the maxillary teeth & associated soft tissues (gingivae & mucosae)
What is the deep sensory territory of CN V3?
- the middle cranial fossa
- the mandible
- the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue
- the floor of the mouth
- the buccal mucosa
- the mandibular teeth & associated soft tissues
What 6 muscles does the motor branch on CN V3 supply?
masseter
temporalis
medial pterygoid
lateral pterygoid
What nerve forms the first part of the afferent limb of the bilnk/corneal reflex?
Long ciliary nerve
What nerve are you testing when you ask the patient to open their jaw against resistance?
CN V3
Where does the facial nerve connect to the CNS?
Pontomedullary junction
What two foramina in the base of the skull does the facial nerve leave via?
Internal accoustic meatus
Stylomastoid foramen
What structure does the facial nerve divide on top of?
The parotid gland
What does the chorda tympani supply?
- taste buds of the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue
- parasympathetic supply to the submandibular & sublingual salivary glands (salivation)
What nerve is the lingual nerve a branch of?
CN V3
What are the four muscles of facial expression?
Frontalis
Orbicularis Oculi
Elevators of lips
Orbicularis oris
Where does the glossopharyngeal nerve connect to the brain?
Lateral aspect of the superior medulla oblongata
through which base of skull foramen does the glossopharyngeal nerve leave teh brain?
Jugular foramen
What do the glossopharyngeal nerve give a general sensory supply to?
the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue the mucosa of most of the nasopharynx the mucosa of all of the oropharynx the mucosa of some of the laryngopharynx (some overlap with CN X territory) the palatine tonsil the eustachian tube the middle ear cavity
What do the glossopharyngeal nerves give a special sensory supply to?
The vallate papillae on the posterior third of teh tongue
What does the glossopharyngeal nerve give parasympathetic supply to?
Parotid salivary gland
What does the glossopharyngeal nerve give visceral afferent supply to?
Carotid sinus baroreceptors and carotid body chemoreceptors
What muscle does the glossopharyngeal nerve give somatic motor supply to?
Stylopharyngeus
Where abouts of the brain does the vagus nerve connect?
Lateral aspect of the medulla oblongata
Where does the vagus nerve exit the base of the skull?
Jugular foramen