neuro pass med questions Flashcards

1
Q

BBB not highly permeable to:

A

h+ ions

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2
Q

barbiturates

A
  • depress CNS

- used to be used as an anaesthetic drug

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3
Q

which GLUT receptor for brain

A

GLUT 3

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4
Q

young female, RHS loss of fine touch and vibration sensation. exhibits ipsilateral loss of proprioception.

which anatomical structure has been damaged?

A

DORSAL COLUMN

  • patients symptoms on RHS
  • each side of the spinal cord innervates ipsilateral side of the body
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5
Q

Dorsal column lesions commonly caused by

A

vit B12 deficiency

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6
Q

gracile nucleus

A

sensation from lower body

cuneate-gracilis-gracilis-cuneate

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7
Q

cuneate nucleus

A

sensation from upper body

cuneate-gracilis-gracilis-cuneate

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8
Q

primary somatosensory cortex

A

final destination for DCML

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9
Q

anterior spinothalamic tract

A

crude touch and pressure

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10
Q

lateral spinothalamic tract

A

pain and temperature

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11
Q

spinocerebellar tract

A
  • sensory info
  • help coordinate muscles in trunk and limbs
  • stance and flexion of joints
  • ipsilateral
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12
Q

corticobulbar pathway

A
  • muscles for chewing
  • muscles of neck
  • muscles in upper half of face
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13
Q

lateral vestibulospinal tract

A
  • extensor muscles of trunk, extremities
  • helps maintain balance
  • extending muscles preventing you from falling
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14
Q

lateral vestibulospinal tract originates

A

brain stem

unlike motor cortex.

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15
Q

reticulospinal tract

A
  • transmits motor input for extensor muscles

- helps maintain balance

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16
Q

reticular formation

A
  • sleep

- alertness, cardiovascular control

17
Q

brown-sequard syndrome

A
  • ipsilateral spastic paresis below lesion
  • ipsilateral loss of proprioception and vibration sensation
  • contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation
18
Q

extradural haematoma commonly due to rupture of what artery…

A

middle meningeal

19
Q

middle meningeal artery passes through what foramina

A

foramen spinosum

20
Q

what allows passage of maxillary nerve

A

foramen rotundum

21
Q

‘down and out’ position of eye due to damage of which nerve

A

occulomotor

22
Q

what is sensory nerve supply to the angle of the jaw?

A

greater auricular nerve (C2-3)

  • also innervates parotid
23
Q

In Lambert-Eaton

  • proximal lower limb muscle weakness
  • antibody tests would show:
A

autoimmune antibodies to Voltage Gated Calcium Channels

24
Q

ulnar nerve

A

hypothenar eminence

25
median nerve
thenar eminence
26
tensor tympani arises from
mandibular nerve
27
damage to sciatic nerve
absent plantar reflex
28
Tinel's sign
- median nerve - feature of carpal tunnel syndrome - tingling sensation when median nerve is tapped at wrist
29
acute confusion ataxia ophthalmoplegia indicative of:
Wernicke's encephalopathy
30
rapid changes of ICP can cause?
cushings reflex triad - systemic hypertension - bradycardia - irregular respiration
31
non-communicating hydrocephalus
structural obstruction along the CSF pathway - developmental abnormalities - tumour - infective or infiltrative conditions
32
Arnold chiari malformations lead to
cerebellar tonsils through foramen magnum
33
normal pressure hydrocephalus
- gait disturbance - changes in cognition - urinary incontinence - enlarged ventricle on MRI scan