neuro pass med questions

Question 1

BBB not highly permeable to:

Answer 1

h+ ions

Question 2

barbiturates

Answer 2

• depress CNS

- used to be used as an anaesthetic drug

Question 3

which GLUT receptor for brain

Answer 3

GLUT 3

Question 4

young female, RHS loss of fine touch and vibration sensation. exhibits ipsilateral loss of proprioception.

which anatomical structure has been damaged?

Answer 4

DORSAL COLUMN

• patients symptoms on RHS
• each side of the spinal cord innervates ipsilateral side of the body

Question 5

Dorsal column lesions commonly caused by

Answer 5

vit B12 deficiency

Question 6

gracile nucleus

Answer 6

sensation from lower body

cuneate-gracilis-gracilis-cuneate

Question 7

cuneate nucleus

Answer 7

sensation from upper body

cuneate-gracilis-gracilis-cuneate

Question 8

primary somatosensory cortex

Answer 8

final destination for DCML

Question 9

anterior spinothalamic tract

Answer 9

crude touch and pressure

Question 10

lateral spinothalamic tract

Answer 10

pain and temperature

Question 11

spinocerebellar tract

Answer 11

• sensory info
• help coordinate muscles in trunk and limbs
• stance and flexion of joints
• ipsilateral

Question 12

corticobulbar pathway

Answer 12

• muscles for chewing
• muscles of neck
• muscles in upper half of face

Question 13

lateral vestibulospinal tract

Answer 13

• extensor muscles of trunk, extremities
• helps maintain balance
• extending muscles preventing you from falling

Question 14

lateral vestibulospinal tract originates

Answer 14

brain stem

unlike motor cortex.

Question 15

reticulospinal tract

Answer 15

• transmits motor input for extensor muscles

- helps maintain balance

Question 16

reticular formation

Answer 16

• sleep

- alertness, cardiovascular control

Question 17

brown-sequard syndrome

Answer 17

• ipsilateral spastic paresis below lesion
• ipsilateral loss of proprioception and vibration sensation
• contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation

Question 18

extradural haematoma commonly due to rupture of what artery…

Answer 18

middle meningeal

Question 19

middle meningeal artery passes through what foramina

Answer 19

foramen spinosum

Question 20

what allows passage of maxillary nerve

Answer 20

foramen rotundum

Question 21

‘down and out’ position of eye due to damage of which nerve

Answer 21

occulomotor

Question 22

what is sensory nerve supply to the angle of the jaw?

Answer 22

greater auricular nerve (C2-3)

• also innervates parotid

Question 23

In Lambert-Eaton

• proximal lower limb muscle weakness
• antibody tests would show:

Answer 23

autoimmune antibodies to Voltage Gated Calcium Channels

Question 24

ulnar nerve

Answer 24

hypothenar eminence

Question 25

median nerve

Answer 25

thenar eminence

Question 26

tensor tympani arises from

Answer 26

mandibular nerve

Question 27

damage to sciatic nerve

Answer 27

absent plantar reflex

Question 28

Tinel’s sign

Answer 28

• median nerve
• feature of carpal tunnel syndrome
• tingling sensation when median nerve is tapped at wrist

Question 29

acute confusion
ataxia
ophthalmoplegia

indicative of:

Answer 29

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

Question 30

rapid changes of ICP can cause?

Answer 30

cushings reflex triad

• systemic hypertension
• bradycardia
• irregular respiration

Question 31

non-communicating hydrocephalus

Answer 31

structural obstruction along the CSF pathway

• developmental abnormalities
• tumour
• infective or infiltrative conditions

Question 32

Arnold chiari malformations lead to

Answer 32

cerebellar tonsils through foramen magnum

Question 33

normal pressure hydrocephalus

Answer 33

• gait disturbance
• changes in cognition
• urinary incontinence
• enlarged ventricle on MRI scan