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Physiology > Neuro-endocrine Interactions > Flashcards

Neuro-endocrine Interactions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pituitary gland

A

Hypophysis

Small endocrine gland at the base of the brain just below hypothalamus

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2
Q

What are the two anatomical distinct lobes of the pituitary

A

Anterio - consist of glandular tissue - adenohypophysis

Posterior - consist of nervous tissue - neurohypophysis

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3
Q

How is the release of hormones from the pituitary controlled directly

A

Posterior pit connects to the hypothalamus by a neural pathway
Anterior pituitary connects via a sp vascularised link

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4
Q

What hormones does the anterior pituitary produce

A 
GH
ACTH 
TSH
LH
FSH 
Prl
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5
Q

What e the functions of the hormones secreted form the anterior pituitary

A 
GH - stimulates growth 
ACTH - stimulate sad renal cortex 
TSH - stimulates thyroid gland 
Prl - stimulates lactation
LH - stimulates gonads 
FSH - stimulates gonads
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6
Q

What hormones does the posterior pituitary produce and what are their functions

A

ADH - Promotes water retention

Oxytocin - stimulates milk ejection

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7
Q

What are the two cell bodies in the hypothalamus

A

The supraoptic nuclei
Para ventricular nuclei
Clusters of neurones in hypothalamus produce post pit hormones

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8
Q

What is the vascular Link between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary

A

The hypothalamic hypophyseal portal system

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9
Q

What are the cell types in the anterior pituitary

A

Corticotrophs
Somatotrophs
Lactotroohs
Thyrotrophs

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10
Q

What do corticotrphs prod

A

Prod acth stim release of cortisol form adrenal cortex

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11
Q

What do thyrotrophs produce

A

Prod TSH which acts on the thyroid gland as a tropic hormone

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12
Q

What do lactotrophs produce

A

Prolactin

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13
Q

What do somatotrophs produce

A

Produce growth hormone

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14
Q

What is GH releasing and inhibiting factor

A

Rf- ghrh

If - somatostatin

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15
Q

What is TSH releasing and inhibiting factor

A

Rf - trh

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16
Q

What is Prl releasing and inhibiting factor

A

Rf - prf

If - prolactin inhib factor pif - dopamine

17
Q

What is acth releasing hormone

A

Crh

18
Q

What is the releasing factor for LH and FSH

A

GnRH

19
Q

What does a hypophysectomy do to the material pituitary

A 
Growth stops as removal of GH
Thyroid hormone deficiency 
Adrenal Cortex atrophy 
Loss of secondary sexual differentiation 
Atrophy of gonads 
Increased insulin sec
20
Q

What are th effects of a hypophysectomy of the posterior pituitary

A

Dehydration by polyuria ( abnormal large vol of urine) despite pronounced polydipsia ( great thirst)
Diabetes insipidus above condition
Deficiency of ADH
Little effect form loss of oxytocin

21
Q

What does this system interact with

A

The hypothalamus and the pituitary

Physiology (28 decks)

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