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Physiology > Body Fluid Compartments > Flashcards

Body Fluid Compartments Flashcards

1
Q

What is needed to calculate the osmolarity

A

Molar conc and num of osmotic active particle

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2
Q

What is osmolality

A

Has units of osmoles/kg of water

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3
Q

What is tonicity

A

Related to its effect on cell volume

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4
Q

What is isotonic

A

Same cell would have no change in cell vol

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5
Q

Hypotonic

A

More

Solution causes an increase in cell vol as water enters the cell could lead to burst or lysis of cell

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6
Q

Hypertonic

A

Less

Solution causes a decrease in cell volume as water leaves the cell

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7
Q

Why does the total body water differ in make and females

A

Woman have more fatty tissue threef ore less lean tissue and less water

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8
Q

What are the two water compartments of the total body water

A

Intracellular - 67%

Extra cellular -33%

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9
Q

What does extracellular fluid includes

A

Plasma - 20%

Interstitial fluid -80%,

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10
Q

What is used to determine the volume of specific fluid compartments

A 
Tracers 
Used in:
Tbw --> titrated water 
Ecf --> inulin 
Plasma --> labelelled albumin
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11
Q

How is the volume of water calc in container

A

V(litres) = dose/sample concentration

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12
Q

What is insensible loss.

A

Uncontrollable occurs without realisation
Skin
Lungs

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13
Q

What is sensible loss

A

Can realise is loss
Sweat
Urine
Faeces

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14
Q

What is the ionic composition of sodium in the ICF -

And ECF

A

ICF - 10mM

ECF - 140mM

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15
Q

What is the ionic composition of pottasium in the ICF -

And ECF

A

ICF - 140mM

ECF - 4.5mM

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16
Q

What is the ionic composition of chooride in the ICF -

And ECF

A

ICF - 7mM

ECF - 115mM

17
Q

What is the ionic composition of bicarbonate in the ICF -

And ECF

A

ICF - 10mM

ECF - 28mM

18
Q

What are the separating membranes between the plasma, interstitial fluid, intracellular fluid

A

Between plasma and interstitial fluid –> capillary wall

Between interstitial fluid and intracellular fluid –> plasma mem

19
Q

What is a fluid shift

A

Movement of water between ICF and ECF in repsonse to an osmotic gradient

20
Q

What does the gain or loss of water do to fluid homeostasis

A

Change in fluid osmolarity similar changes in ICF and ECF volumes

21
Q

What dos gain or loss of Nacl do to the fluid homeostasis

A

Change in osmolarity
(a) sodium excluded from ICF
(b) osmotic water movements
These two factors combine to produce opposite changes in ICF and ECF

22
Q

What does gain or loss of isotonic fluid do to the fluid homeostasis

A

No change in fluid osmolarity change in ECF volume only

23
Q

What does the kidneys do to the ECF

A

Alter composition and volume which affects blood pressure

24
Q

What do electrolytes do in solution

A

Dissociate into free ions in solution.

25
Q

Why is it port any to maintain electrolyte balance

A

Total electrolyte concs can directly affect water balance

The concs of individual electrolytes can affect cell functions

26
Q

Why are sodium and pottasium particularly important

A

Major contributors to osmotic concentrations of ECF and ICF

Directly affect functioning of all cells

27
Q

What is the balance of sodium in the ECF represent a balance between what two factors

A

Input of sodium form diet and output excreted in urine

28
Q

Sodium is present where which means what

A

Mainly present in ECF meaning it is a major determinant of ECF volume

29
Q

Why is minor fluctuations of pottasium bad for the cell

A

Pottasium is imp to establish resting membrane potential in cells and resting membrane potential

30
Q

If there are leakages of pottasium or increased cellular uptake what does this lead to

A

Weakness of muscles - paralysis

Cardiac irregularities - cardiac arrest

31
Q

What is osmolarity

A

Concentration of osmotically active particles present in solution

Physiology (28 decks)

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