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Physiology > Calcium Homestasis > Flashcards

Calcium Homestasis Flashcards

1
Q

How does calcium affect muscle contraction

A

Decreases calcium in ECF which is free
Increases sodium perm
Depolarises Em closer to threshold

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2
Q

What are the results of a muscle spasm

A

Spontaneous contraction of RESP muscle can lead to asphyxiation

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3
Q

What dos calcium have to do with excitation contraction of cardiac and skeletal muscle

A

Action potential increase calcium perm

Entry of ECF calcium to cardiac and skeletal muscle cells trigger contractile mechanism

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4
Q

What dos calcium do in stumulus sec coupling

A

Secretory cells - increased calcium perm on repsonse to stimulus increases calcium entry - triggers release by exocytosis
Sec neurotransmitters, peptide hormones

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5
Q

How does calcium affect blood clotting

A

Acts as a co factor

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6
Q

What hormones as associated with calcium balance

A

Parathyroid hormone - raises plasma conc calcium

Calcitonin - lowers plasma conc calcium

Vitamin D3 - active form promotes calcium abs in gut

Growth hormone - favours increase bone mass

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7
Q

Which hormone used for calcium balance is essential for life

A

Parathyroid hormone

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8
Q

How is PTH stored

A

As pre or prepro hormone

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9
Q

What is the target for PTH

A

Kidney and bone

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10
Q

What cells prod PTH

A

Chief cells of parathyroid glands

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11
Q

What su the action of PTH

A

Hyper alchemical raises plasma conc calcium

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12
Q

What is the normal range of calcium plasm aconc

A

Between 2-2.5

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13
Q

What are e actions of PTH

A

Stimulates osteoclasts - promote bone resorb mobilise calcium and phosphate

Increases renal calcium abs

Decreases renal Phosohate reabs

Stimulate kidneys to conv vit d to active calcitriol to increase abs of calcium form but

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14
Q

What is calcitonin

A

Peptide form paragoliicilar cells of thyroid
Relaease in response to rising plasma calcium
Not ,UCP function though to help in pregnancy

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15
Q

What happens if PTH is low

A

Increased nerve excitability
Lead to death asphyxiation
Lowered calcium plasma concentration

Treat - infuse calcium and give vit d metabolites

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16
Q

What is PTH is too high

A

Tumours of parathyroid glands
Lead to bone demineralisation kidney stones filtered load of calcium high
Reduction in inhib effect of osteoporosis s

17
Q

What is vit d def

A

Rickets shifted bones in children

Osteomalacia in adults bone density decreases

18
Q

What is the role of calcium

A 
Bone and teeth integrity 
Muscle contraction 
Mem stability
Neurotransmitter release
Secretory processes
Enzyme reg

Physiology (28 decks)

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