🧠 Neuro Flashcards
What are major complications of nasal skull fractures?
- Meningitis - from Dursley’s puncture
*** NO NG = goes to brain
What are signs of basal skull fracture of the Anterior fossa?
- Raccoon eyes
- Rhinorrhea- CSF leak from nose
➡️ HALO SIGN = CSF has ring on gauze , metallic taste
➡️collect for Beta2 transferrin marker
- sterile guaze to wipe nose = like a skull lac.
What are signs of basal skull fracture of the Middle fossa?
👂 👂 👂
- Battle sign - bruising behind ears
- Ottorrhea - CSF leak from ear
What are the components of the meninges from lateral to medial?
- Dura mater
- Subdural space
- Arachnoid mater
- Subarachnoid space
- Pia mater
Brain 🧠
What are the 2 important folds of the Dura Mater?
- Flax cerebri - identifies any midline shift
2. Tentorium cerebellum = divides the brain supratentorial and infratentorial
What is the mechanism of the subarachnoid space?
- Contains connective tissue, blood vessels, and CSF.
2. Villae absorb CSF
What area of the brain is responsible for urinary and fecal continence?
Frontal lobe
How much CSF is produced by hour and per day?
25 mL/hr (**ext. shunt assessments)
500 mL/day
Non-communicative Hydrocephalus
Blockage in CSF flow/pathway (ex. Foramen)
What supplies blood to the anterior circulation of the brain?
Carotid arteries
What supplies blood to the posterior circulation of the brain?
Vertebral arteries
What nursing interventions can increase intracranial pressure (ICP)?
- Extreme flexión
- Coughing/suctioning
- Fever
- Decreased head elevation
What affects the amount of CSF?
- Blood pressure
- Cardiac function
- Blood viscosity
- Cerebro vascular artery disease
- Increased ICP
Communicating Hydrocephalus
Arachnoid villi become plugged, common in subarachnoid hemorrhage
Hydrocephalus due to increased CSF production
Choroid plexus papilloma
