Med Admin Flashcards
What are controlled substances?
-drugs considered to have either limited medical use or high potential for abuse or addiction.
- It is illegal to possess w/o a prescription under the 1970 comprehensive drug abuse and control act.
- must be double-locked, counted and verified at specific times.
- includes narcotics & anti-anxiety meds
What are the four types of systems for medication storage?
Stock supply
Unit dose
Automated dispensing system
Self-administration
what is pharmacokinetics?
refers to what happens to the drug in the body (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion).
These determine the intensity and duration of a drug’s actions
What factors affect drug absorption?
depends on the
- route of administration
- form of the drug
- drug solubility
- effects of pH
- blood flow to the area
- pain
- stress
- hunger
- fasting
- food
- exercise
An enteric-coated drug cannot
be decomposed by gastric secretions; thus the medication is not diluted before it reaches the intestines.
Timed-release (sustained release) meds dissolve
slowly, releasing small amounts for absorption over several hours.
oral preparations must be
water soluble so that they can dissolve in the aqueous contents of the GI tract
Liquids are absorbed
faster than tabs or caps b/c they are already dissolved
Drugs must be _____ ______ in order to cross cell membranes
lipid soluble (at least somewhat)
How does acidity affect absorption of meds?
Higher acidity in the stomach (and med) aids in the transportation of meds across the mucous membrane.
How does blood flow affect absorption?
Area where blood flow to the tissue is greatest have rapid absorption of meds
How does pain affect absorption?
can slow gastric emptying time, thus increasing absorption time
How does stress affect absorption?
can slow gastric emptying time, thus increasing absorption time
How does hunger affect absorption?
reduces absorption rates
How does fasting affect absorption rates?
reduces absorption rates (typically the longer the fasting, the slower the absorption)
How does food affect absorption rates?
can either increase or decrease depending on the drug. Usually decreases
How does exercise affect absorption rates?
decreases blood flow to the GI tract and thus decreases absorption rates
Metabolism mainly takes place in the
liver
How can drugs be excreted?
through the kidneys liver and GI tract lungs exocrine glands
